In this study, action of ultrafiltered xylano-pectinolytic enzymes from a bacterial strain has been evaluated for bleaching of rice straw soda-anthraquinone pulp. Maximum bio-bleaching effect and release of non-cellulosic impurities were noticed with xylanopectinolytic enzymes dose of 6.02.1-IU/g pulp, treatment time of 180 min at 10% pulp consistency, pH 8.5, and temperature 55 °C. Microscopic images of bio-bleached rice straw pulp also confirmed the efficacy of ultrafiltered enzymes, as bleaching agent. This bio-bleaching treatment resulted in 15.38% and 32% reduction in kappa number and active chlorine dioxide dose, respectively, along with increase in various physical properties, burst index (12.50%), tear index (19.07%), breaking length (14.30%), double fold number (26.31%), Gurley porosity (45.32%) and viscosity (16.17%). This bio-bleaching approach not only improved the pulp quality but also reduced environmental pollution load by decreasing effluent parameters values of BOD and COD by 23.67% and 27.44%, respectively. This study indicates that use of ultrafiltered xylano-pectinolytic synergism for rice straw pulp bleaching will ultimately help in making the process eco-friendly, along with better quality pulp. This is the first report on use of ultrafiltered xylanase and pectinase, produced from a bacterial isolate, for bleaching of rice straw pulp.Tip-based nanomachining (TBN) approaches has proven to be a powerful and feasible technique for fabrication of microstructures. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been widely applied in TBN approach to explore the mechanism which could not be fully revealed by experiments. This paper reviews the recent scientific progress in MD simulation of TBN approach. The establishing methods of the simulation model for various materials are first presented. Then, the analysis of the machining mechanism for TBN approach is discussed, including cutting force analysis, the analysis of material removal, and the defects analysis in subsurface. Finally, current shortcomings and future prospects of the TBN method in MD simulations are given. It is hopeful that this review can provide certain reference for the follow-up research.

When an experienced provider opts to leave a healthcare workforce (attrition), there are significant costs, both direct and indirect. Turnover of healthcare providers is underreported and understudied, despite evidence that it negatively impacts care delivery and negatively impacts working conditions for remaining providers. In the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, attrition of women’s health primary care providers (WH-PCPs) threatens a specially trained workforce; it is unknown what factors contribute to, or protect against, their attrition.

Based on evidence that clinic environment, adequate support resources, and workload affect provider burnout and intent to leave, we explored if such clinic characteristics predict attrition of WH-PCPs in the VA, to identify protective factors.

This analysis drew on two waves of existing national VA survey data to examine predictors of WH-PCP attrition, via logistic regression.

All 2,259 providers from 140 facilities VA-wide who were WH-PCPs on September 30promote retention of this specially trained primary care workforce. Exploring potential mechanisms-e.g., shared mission, appropriate support to meet patients’ needs, or a cohesive team environment-may inform broader efforts to retain front-line providers.

The antitumor effect of statins has been highlighted, but clinical study results remain inconclusive. ACP-196 While patients with diabetes are at high risk of cancer, it is uncertain whether statins are effective for cancer chemoprevention in this population.

This study evaluated the association between statins and cancer incidence/mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was a follow-up observational study of the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis with Aspirin for Diabetes (JPAD) trial, which was a randomized controlled trial of low-dose aspirin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study enrolled 2536 patients with type 2 diabetes, age 30-85years, and no history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, from December 2002 until May 2005. All participants recruited in the JPAD trial were followed until the day of any fatal event or July 2015. We defined participants taking any statin at enrollment as the statin group (n = 650) and the remainder as the no-statin group (n = 1886).

The primary end point was the first occurrence of any cancer (cancer incidence). The secondary end point was death from any cancer (cancer mortality).

During follow-up (median, 10.7years), 318 participants developed a new cancer and 123 died as a result. Cancer incidence and mortality were 10.5 and 3.7 per 1000 person-years in the statin group, and 16.8 and 6.3 per 1000 person-years in the no-statin group, respectively. Statin use was associated with significantly reduced cancer incidence and mortality after adjustment for confounding factors (cancer incidence adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.90, P = 0.007; cancer mortality adjusted HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-0.98, P = 0.04).

Statin use was associated with a reduced incidence and mortality of cancer in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Statin use was associated with a reduced incidence and mortality of cancer in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Advancing health equity entails reducing disparities in care. African-American patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have poorer outcomes, including dialysis access placement and transplantation. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations, which assign higher eGFR values to African-American patients, may be a mechanism for inequitable outcomes. Electronic health record-based registries enable population-based examination of care across racial groups.

To examine the impact of the race multiplier for African-Americans in the CKD-EPI eGFR equation on CKD classification and care delivery.

Cross-sectional study SETTING Two large academic medical centers and affiliated community primary care and specialty practices.

A total of 56,845 patients in the Partners HealthCare System CKD registry in June 2019, among whom 2225 (3.9%) were African-American.

Exposures included race, age, sex, comorbidities, and eGFR. Outcomes were transplant referral and dialysis access placement.

Of 2225 African-American patients, 743 (33.