Findings show that although the victim-offender overlap exists among prisoners, the majority of prisoners were neither a victim nor an offender. Victim-offenders and victims-only comprise only a small proportion of the sample. Findings also indicate that there are few unique factors across the groups. Results of the study have implications policy and future research.Objective The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) provides a measure of verbal learning and memory. The aim of this study was to provide normative performance data on the HVLT-R for community-dwelling older individuals according to ethno-racial group, age, gender, and years of completed education, in Australia and the U.S.Method The ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study recruited 19,114 generally healthy community dwelling individuals aged 70 years and over (65 years and over for U.S minorities), who were without a diagnosis of dementia and scored above 77 on the modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Included in the analysis presented here were 16,251 white Australians, and in the U.S. 1,082 white, 894 African American and 314 Hispanic/Latino individuals at baseline.Results Performance on each of the components of the HVLT-R (trials 1-3, total, learning, delayed recall, delayed recognition, percentage retention and recognition discrimination index [RDI]) differed by demographic variables. In country and ethno-racial stratified analyses, female gender, younger age and higher education were significantly associated with better total recall, delayed recall and RDI. Among white Australians these characteristics were also associated with better retention. Age, education and gender-specific reference values across ethno-racial categories were determined.Conclusions Ethno-racial, age, gender and education-stratified normative data from this large cohort of community-dwelling older individuals will serve as important reference standards in Australia and the U.S. to assess cognition in older individuals.in English, German Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung Hometreatment war trotz ausreichend vorhandener Evidenz lange Jahre aufgrund klarer Sektorengrenzen zwischen ambulanten und stationären Maßnahmen keine Behandlungsoption für psychisch erkrankte Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland. Seit dem Inkrafttreten des „Gesetzes zur Weiterentwicklung der Versorgung und der Vergütung für psychiatrische und psychosomatische Leistungen“ (PsychVVG) am 01.01.2017 kann nun alternativ zu einer stationären Aufnahme eine stationsäquivalente Behandlung (StäB) mit täglichen Kontakten zu Hause angeboten werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, anhand einer systematischen Literaturrecherche zu Hometreatment von Kindern und Jugendlichen a) mittels bisheriger deutscher Studien die in Deutschland aufgezeigte Effektivität von Hometreatment darzulegen, b) mittels internationaler Reviews Kriterien für effektives Hometreatment zu definieren und c) beides mit dem Angebot StäB abzugleichen. Methode Systematische Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO und Scopus mit den Suchbegriffen „hometreatment“ AND „children“ bzw. „hometreatment“ AND „adolesc*“. Ergebnisse Flexibilität, Mobilität, Multidisziplinarität, breites Angebot an Interventionen, Zugang zu Möglichkeiten stationärer Behandlung, ständige Erreichbarkeit (24 Stunden an 7 Tagen in der Woche) sowie täglich ein Kontakt wurde in den Reviews für gelingendes Hometreatment definiert. Auch deutsche Studien zeigten Effektivität Das Funktionsniveau der Patientinnen und Patienten stieg, die elterliche Kompetenz wuchs, Behandlungsergebnisse blieben stabil, Akzeptanz in Familien bestand. Als besonders effektiv wurde Hometreatment bei externalisierenden Störungen nachgewiesen. Schlussfolgerung StäB hat mit den vorgegebenen Rahmenbedingungen gute Voraussetzungen, das breite Angebot der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie in Deutschland mit einem effektiven Behandlungsangebot zu ergänzen.Objective Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in preventing HIV-1 acquisition, yet it is underutilized among at-risk populations. In this pilot quality improvement (QI) initiative, we sought to identify barriers to PrEP implementation and create interventions to improve access to PrEP in a primary care clinic for homeless veterans. Methods The setting was a large homeless primary care clinic at the Veterans Affairs in an urban area with high HIV prevalence. A root cause analysis was performed to identify barriers to PrEP expansion in the primary care clinic. Targeted interventions to improve provider knowledge and patient access to PrEP were implemented by the QI team. Results Root cause analysis revealed 3 primary barriers to PrEP expansion in the primary care clinic institutional limitations for prescribing PrEP, inconsistent screening and recognition of eligible patients by clinic staff, and lack of clinic workflow processes to support PrEP prescription. A multidisciplinary focus group found low levels of PrEP awareness and knowledge, with only 22% of providers reporting comfort discussing PrEP with patients. This improved to 40% of providers following targeted clinic educational interventions. The QI team also developed a pathway for primary care providers to obtain institutional PrEP prescribing privileges and used work groups to develop clinic workflows and protocols for PrEP. At the end of the intervention, at least 50% of primary care providers in the clinic had initiated PrEP in a new patient. Conclusions We describe a multidisciplinary QI model to implement PrEP within a primary care setting serving Veterans and persons experiencing homelessness. Our program successfully addressed provider knowledge deficits and improved primary care capacity to prescribe PrEP. The primary care clinic can be a viable and important clinical setting to improve access to PrEP for HIV prevention, especially for vulnerable populations.Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche (YMR) is a Tibetan Buddhist monk, and renowned meditation practitioner and teacher who has spent an extraordinary number of hours of his life meditating. The brain-aging profile of this expert meditator in comparison to a control population was examined using a machine learning framework, which estimates “brain-age” from brain imaging. Selleck LNG-451 YMR’s brain-aging rate appeared slower than that of controls suggesting early maturation and delayed aging. At 41 years, his brain resembled that of a 33-year-old. Specific regional changes did not differentiate YMR from controls, suggesting that the brain-aging differences may arise from coordinated changes spread throughout the gray matter.