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Goodman Mathews posted an update 3 days, 1 hour ago
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative importance of net joint moments (NJM) in relation to bar kinematics during the clean. Ground reaction force and 3-D motion data were recorded as seven weightlifters performed cleans at 85% of their competition maximum, and were used to calculate hip, knee, and ankle NJM. Vertical bar kinematics were also calculated. NJM were used as inputs to a three-layer feedforward artificial neural network (ANN), which was trained to predict bar kinematics. Subject-specific ANN with 15 hidden neurons could effectively model the association between NJM and bar kinematics for each individual weightlifter (r 0.965 ± 0.031; MSE 0.169 ± 0.152). The relative importance (%) of hip, knee, and ankle NJM to bar velocity were 23%, 31%, and 46%, respectively, whereas the relative importance of hip, knee, and ankle NJM to bar acceleration were 23%, 39%, and 38%, respectively. Non-parametric statistics indicated that the ankle NJM exhibited the greatest relative importance in relation to bar velocity, whereas the knee and ankle NJM showed the greatest relative importance in relation to bar acceleration. These results indicate that the NJM produced at the knee and ankle joint are of great importance in contributing to bar kinematics during weightlifting.There is a gap between morality as experienced and morality as studied. In our personal and professional lives, moral judgments are embedded within a specific context. We know the who, what, where, and when and often can infer the why; we know the broader context of actions; and we may have a specific relationship with the actors. However, scholarly theorizing is often built on inferences from participants’ responses to decontextualized, impoverished stimuli. In our quest for uncovering general psychological truths, moral psychologists have examined evaluations of poorly guarded trolleys, strangers with odd sexual proclivities, and endorsement of abstract principles. The four articles included in this section demonstrate the power of contextualizing morality. In the current article, I place these papers within a broader framework for how scholars can contextualize morality research. I then argue why contextualizing morality matters not only do contextualized questions better reflect the nuances of reality but also contextualized judgments might be key for improving predictions of moral behavior and understanding moral change.Unaccompanied refugee minors represent a potentially vulnerable group regarding sexual and reproductive health and rights, particularly due to the circumstances surrounding their migration. ALK inhibitor Research is scarce about the sexual and reproductive health and rights needs of unaccompanied minors, many of whom come from countries with limited access to information about sexual and reproductive health and rights. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of how unaccompanied minors in Sweden experience romantic and/or sexual relationships and their need for sexual and reproductive health and rights information. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight young men who had sought asylum in Sweden as unaccompanied minors. Qualitative content analysis identified three themes “being confronted with a different type of ‘sexual’ society”, “becoming ready for information about sexual and reproductive health and rights” and “moving forward as a person ‘in the know'”. These themes illustrate the process of relating to a society with different norms and beliefs about relationships and sexual and reproductive health and rights information than in the country of origin. The Young men’s difficulties in taking the initiative when talking about sexual and reproductive health and rights in combination with their perceived strong self-efficacy in finding sexual and reproductive health and rights information is noteworthy and should be considered by health professionals aiming to reach this group. The findings highlight the importance of access to formal sexual and reproductive health and rights information for unaccompanied minors and young migrants with similar needs.Current evidence suggests that chronic inflammation contributes to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Interestingly, exercise may constitute a method of reducing inflammation in this patient population. As such, this systematic review and meta-analysis examined the evidence generated by randomised studies that investigated the effect of exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in CAD. Literature was sought from various sources. Outcomes were pooled in a random-effects model to calculate standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Twenty-five studies were reviewed; post-intervention C-reactive protein (SMD -0.55 (95% CI -0.93, -0.16), P = 0.005), fibrinogen (SMD -0.52 (95% CI -0.74, -0.29, P = less then 0.00001)), and von Willebrand factor (SMD -1.57 (95% CI -2.23, -0.92), P = less then 0.00001) values were significantly lower in exercise groups compared to controls. In addition, qualitative analyses identified evidence that supports a beneficial effect of exercise on these acute-phase reactants. However, the impact of exercise on anti-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and chemokines is equivocal, which may be attributed to a paucity of research. Nevertheless, the findings of this review suggest that exercise induces an anti-inflammatory effect in CAD patients. Although, the quality of evidence needs to be improved by further randomised studies with high methodological qualities and large sample sizes.How cells position organelles is a fundamental biological question. During Drosophila embryonic muscle development, multiple nuclei transition from being clustered together, to splitting into two smaller clusters, to spreading along the myotube’s length. Perturbations of microtubules and motor proteins disrupt this sequence of events. These perturbations do not allow intuiting which molecular forces govern the nuclear positioning; we therefore used computational screening to reverse engineer and identify these forces. The screen reveals three models two suggest that the initial clustering is due to the nuclear repulsion from the cell poles, while the third, most robust, model poses that this clustering is due to a short-ranged internuclear attraction. All three models suggest that the nuclear spreading is due to the long-ranged internuclear repulsion. We test the robust model quantitatively by comparing it to data from perturbed muscle cells. We also test the model by using agent-based simulations with elastic dynamic microtubules and molecular motors.