04).

In this study, patients achieved postprandial glycemic outcomes for women but not men. More research is required to elucidate the possible intergender difference in results for subjects treated with basal-bolus insulin for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In this study, patients achieved postprandial glycemic outcomes for women but not men. BRD0539 concentration More research is required to elucidate the possible intergender difference in results for subjects treated with basal-bolus insulin for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study aims to determine the characteristics of

and

from fermented soursop fruit juice and cow’s milk, respectively as probiotic candidate based on exposure to pH, bile salts, pathogenic bacteria, and antibiotics.

studies were conducted to examine the resistance of

and

in pH 2, 2.5, 3.2, and 7.2, resistance to bile salts, resistance to pathogenic bacteria

and antituberculosis antibiotics.

Viability of

and

isolates remained unchanged (6.3×10

CFU/mL and 5.03×10

CFU/mL) at various acidic pH, and had a low survival rate in Ox gall 0.3% (bile salts). These isolates also showed antibacterial properties against pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. Both of these bacteria are quite safe to be used together with ofloxacin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin, antibiotic for tuberculosis therapy.

The results showed that

and

from fermented soursop fruit juice and cow’s milk respectively fulfilled the characteristics of probiotic and could potentially beused as adjunct therapy in tuberculosis drug-resistance.

The results showed that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri from fermented soursop fruit juice and cow’s milk respectively fulfilled the characteristics of probiotic and could potentially be used as adjunct therapy in tuberculosis drug-resistance.

Alendronate are widely used in the treatment of bone disorders characterized by inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption such as Paget’s disease, fibrous dysplasia, myeloma, bone metastases and osteoporosis. In recent studies alendronate improves proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, thereby facilitating for bone regeneration. The disadvantages of this class are their poor bioavailability and side effects on oral and intravenous application such as stomach irritation and osteonecrosis in jaw. Thus, local treatment of alendronate is needed in order to achieve high concentration of drug. Bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin scaffold with alendronate was studied. Glutaraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent, increase the characteristics of this scaffold. The objectives of this study were to manufacture and characterize alendronate scaffold using bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin and crosslinked by glutaraldehyde.

Preparation of cross-linked bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin and alendronate scaffold with dirious concentrations of glutaraldehyde. The presence of glutaraldehyde on bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate is safe and suitable candidate scaffold for bone regeneration.

Estrogen deficiency causes various health problems in postmenopausal women, including osteoporosis. Phytoestrogen emerged as a potential alternative of estrogen with minimum side effects. The aims of this study were to analyze the metabolite profiling results of various extract of

L. leaves, which contain phytoestrogen, through

study against 3OLS protein, an X-ray protein of ERβ, so it can predict the types of the phytoestrogen contents which have antiosteoporosis property.

analysis was carried out for the compounds from the metabolite profiling data of

leaves from our previous study. The structure compounds from metabolite profiling results of various extract of

leaves were prepared with Avogadro 1.0.1 software, molecular docking was done using PyRx 0.8 software, and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer 2016 software was used to visualize the structure of compounds against 3OLS protein. The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds were analyzed using the SwissADME web tool.

From

studies, it was known that there were total 11 compounds in

leaves that predicted as phytoestrogens which have ERβ agonist properties against 3OLS protein. The ERβ agonist was a compound that has parameters similar to 17β-estradiol in its interaction with 3OLS protein, which has a pharmacophore distance of 10.862Å, and binding to amino acids His 475 and Glu 305 or Arg 346at receptor-ligand docking simulation.

leaves contain 11 compounds that are predicted to be phytoestrogens with ERβ agonist properties, which is responsible for antiosteoporosis activity.

C. cainito leaves contain 11 compounds that are predicted to be phytoestrogens with ERβ agonist properties, which is responsible for antiosteoporosis activity.

Nonadherence to a long-term therapy, including diabetes mellitus, is one of the global problems that need to be overcome. This study aims to determine the effect of pillbox use and education by pharmacists toward medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus in a Primary Health Care Center in Mataram.

This research was an experimental research design with pretest-posttest with control group design. The study was conducted from October to December 2019 at Tanjung Karang Primary Health Care Center, Mataram. Measurement of adherence was done using the Adherence to Refill and Medication Scale questionnaire. The higher the score, the more nonadherence the patients. Patients were divided into three groups, which were the control group, educational intervention group, and pillbox and educational intervention group. Each group consisted of 11 patients.

Patients’ medication adherence increased from 19.54 (SD 4.37) to 15.18 (SD 2.64) in the education and pillbox intervention group (p=0.004). Whereas, in the education and control group, the adherence did not provide a significant change (p>0.05). Based on the difference in adherence scores, it was known that what contributed to changes in compliance was refilling medicine and intentional nonadherence in taking medicine subscale (p=0.024).

Providing education and pillbox done by pharmacists at the Primary Health Care Center can increase adherence to the therapy of diabetes mellitus patients. Pharmacists at the Primary Health Care Center can use the intervention model to improve the level of adherence of patients with chronic illness.

Providing education and pillbox done by pharmacists at the Primary Health Care Center can increase adherence to the therapy of diabetes mellitus patients. Pharmacists at the Primary Health Care Center can use the intervention model to improve the level of adherence of patients with chronic illness.