The present work aims to develop ultra-wide bandwidth air-coupled capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) for binary gas mixture analysis. selleck products The detection principle is based on time-of-flight (ToF) measurements, in order to monitor gas ultrasound velocity variations. To perform such measurements, CMUTs were especially designed to work out of resonance mode, like a microphone. The chosen membrane size is 32 × 32 µm2 and gap height is 250 nm. The resonance frequency and collapse voltage were found at 8 MHz and 58 V respectively. As mentioned, the CMUTs were exploited in quasi-static operating mode, in a very low frequency band, from 1 MHz to 1.5 MHz frequencies. The transducer impulse response was characterised, and a -6 dB relative fractional frequency bandwidth (FBW) higher than 100% was measured, enabling to use CMUT for the targeted application. Additionally, a measuring cell has been designed to hold the fabricated CMUT emitter and receiver prototypes facing each other. The volume inside the cell was kept lower than 3 mL and the surface of emitter/receiver was 1.6 × 8 mm2. To validate the general principle of the proposed technique, two binary gas mixtures of CO2/N2 and H2/N2, with varying concentrations, have been tested. The results are very promising with a measured limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3% for CO2 in N2 and 0.15% for H2 in N2.While tissue fatty acid compositions reflect that of the dietary lipid source, little information is available on how dietary oils modify lipid class and molecular species profiles in hepatopancreas of crustacean. Herein, an 8-week nutritional trial and untargeted lipidomic analysis were used to investigate the impacts of dietary n-3 PUFA lipid sources including fish oil, krill oil and linseed oil on the lipidomic characteristics of hepatopancreas of swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus). Dietary krill oil significantly increased distribution of 205n-3 and 226n-3 at sn-2 in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine compared to fish oil. Fish oil intake promoted the deposition of 205n-3 and 226n-3 at sn-1,2,3 in triglyceride compared to linseed oil, which significantly increased the specific accumulation of 183n-3 at sn-1,3 in triglyceride and sn-2 in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The study revealed metabolic responses to different dietary n-3 PUFA in swimming crab, which provided novel insight into the lipid nutrition of crustacean.An ingenious nanoscale fluorescent sensor derived from Eu3+-postfunctionalized MIL-53 (Al) (Eu3+@MIL-53 [Al]) was fabricated though a simple and effective approach. Malachite green (MG) effectively turned off the luminescence of Eu3+@MIL-53 (Al) via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), thus enabling MG sensing. The developed probe exhibited instantaneous reusability after being cleaned with deionized water. The fluorescence intensity, quenching efficiency, and crystal structure of the recoverable sensor after five recycling processes were unchanged compared with those of the original sample. Moreover, the potential mechanism of MG detection was revealed in detail. This work represents the first attempt to determine MG in aquaculture water and products by using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The Eu3+@MIL-53 (Al) probe proved to be a remarkable fluorescence probe for MG with high selectivity, sensitivity, and excellent regeneration capability. It provides a promising functional platform for the recognition of illegal MG addition to aquaculture water and products.The reaction of 2-alkenals (crotonaldehyde and 2-pentenal) with hydroquinones (hydroquinone and tert-butylhydroquinone) and benzoquinones (benzoquinone, methylbenzoquinone, and methoxybenzoquinone) was studied as a potential route for the endogenous formation of naphthoquinones and anthraquinones in foods. Polycyclic quinones were produced at a low water activity, within a wide pH range, and in the presence of air. 9,10-Anthraquinone formation had an activation energy of 46.1 ± 0.1 kJ·mol-1, and a reaction pathway for the formation of the different naphthoquinones and anthraquinones is proposed. These reactions also took place in tea, therefore suggesting that the common tea pollutant 9,10-anthraquinone is also a process-induced contaminant. In fact, when four commercial teas (from a total of eight studied teas) were heated at 60 °C for 72 h, they significantly (p less then 0.05) increased the amount of this toxicant. Reduction of 9,10-anthraquinone formation in teas is suggested to be carried out by reducing/scavenging its precursors.The physicochemical properties, including nutrient and bioactive compound compositions, in fruit of four creole avocados (CA) from Mexico were determined and compared with those of ‘Hass’ fruit. ‘Hass’ pulp and some CA pulps contained similar concentrations of lutein, chlorophyll a, β-sitosterol and α-tocopherol. CA pulp contained 3.91-9.55% more oil than ‘Hass’. Oil from CA pulp contained 10.10-26.79% more oleic acid than ‘Hass’ pulp. However, CA were small (CA = 81.40-137.15 g, ‘Hass’ = 188.59 g) and their pulp contents were low (CA = 39.83-84.82 g, ‘Hass’ = 144.14 g). CA peels were very thin, making these avocado peels edible but prone to mechanical damage. CA peels also contained higher concentrations and greater diversity of anthocyanins and glycosylated quercetin compounds than ‘Hass’ peels. Some CA were particularly rich in mannoheptulose and perseitol. Consumption of CA, including their peel, might result in higher intakes of some nutrients and bioactive compounds compared with ‘Hass’ avocados.The rice glutelin fibrils (RGFs) were formed under heating at acidic condition, and the optimal condition was achieved at pH 2, 150 mM (ionic strength), 4% (protein concentration), 90 °C and 300 rpm (stirring speed) through the thioflavin T intensity. The atomic force microscopy images showed that the average contour length of RGFs increased from less then 100 to 365 nm under the optimal fibrillation. The average particle size of rice glutelin (RG) decreased from 650 to 221 nm after initial heating time. Combining the degraded subunits, it suggested that RG was hydrolyzed to peptides, then these released peptides assembled into the ordered fibrils via intermolecular interactions, accompanying by the structural rearrangement. Additionally, the foaming and emulsifying properties were improved during fibrillation, which could be related to the interfacial properties and structure of RGFs. This work will deepen the understanding of the formation of RGFs and explore their potential application.