An ionic liquid-modified reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline (RGO-IL/PANI) composite was synthesized successfully. The ionic liquid enlarged the interlayer distance of RGO sheets and acted as a PANI dopant to improve the orderly establishment of PANI. The supercapacitor based on RGO-IL/PANI presented outstanding energy density (24.1 W h kg-1 at 501 W kg-1), good cycling stability (91.5% capacity retention after 1000 cycles) and excellent flexibility. The results demonstrated the significant potential application of the obtained RGO-IL/PANI composite as a flexible electrode for high-performance energy storage devices.A new approach in which a low symmetry cluster meets a low symmetry ligand to sharply boost the thermal stability of a MOF via additional inter-linker interactions is presented for the first time, leading to the successful synthesis of a novel binuclear Co-based MOF, [Co2(L1)2DMF]·1.5DMF·0.75MeOH·1.5H2O∞ (H2L1 = 5-(pyridin-3-yl) isophthalic acid, NJU-Bai62 NJU-Bai for Nanjing University Bai group), with exceptional thermal stability of up to 450 °C. This work may open up a new avenue for constructing robust MOFs from abundant, unstable, and low symmetry binuclear clusters, which have usually been ignored by most MOF chemists.Using computer simulation, we investigate the glass transition of a two-dimensional hard-hemidisk system. Upon increasing the packing fraction of the system, we find that the system vitrifies into a glass with local assembled discal “dimers”, which are free to rotate in a collective way. The rotational mean square displacement does not exhibit the typical plateau (slowdown) like what occurs in the translational mean square displacement. This effect induces a pronounced violation of the rotational Stokes-Einstein relationship compared with the translational degree of freedom at the supercooled region. However, the obtained glass transition points in these two freedom degrees are found to be the same within the numerical accuracy, which is due to the strong positive spatial and dynamic correlation between translational and rotational slow-moving particles. Moreover, we find that the locally assembled dimers can serve as fast rotating gears facilitating the orientational relaxation in the system, and this suggests that the locally favored finite structures play an important role in the hierarchical glass transition of anisotropic colloids.Thioesters are important intermediates in both synthetic organic and biosynthetic reaction pathways. Here we show that thioesters can be synthesized in an aqueous reaction between thioacetate and thiols. The reaction can be coupled to a second reaction between sulfide and either ferrous or ferric iron, which drives the reaction forward. We furthermore demonstrate that sulfide released during thioester formation can be used in the synthesis of peptide bound [Fe-S] clusters, which like thioesters, are ancient components of metabolism. Together our results reveal a primordial linkage between high-energy ester formation and redox chemistry.Ceramide (CER) is a novel food-grade organogelator with beneficial health effects. Lecithin (LEC) is not an effective gelator; however, it may alter the crystal morphology of the host gelator in a multicomponent system. In this paper, LEC and CER were mixed at various molar ratios in sunflower oil leading to different gelation behaviors. It was interesting since in this multicomponent system, gels formed when there was more less-effective gelator (LEC), while gels hardly formed when there was more effective gelator (CER). This drew our attention since there might not be only one kind of assembly mode between the LEC and the CER. A comprehensive rheological investigation was conducted. It was found that at specific ratios (6L4C and 5L5C), strong gels (G’ > 1.0 × 105 Pa) formed with superior oil binding capacity (up to 99.84%). Meanwhile, these gels exhibited higher tolerance level to permanent deformation than the monocomponent gel. However, weak gels were observed off the optimal ratio (8L2C, 7L3C, 4L6C and 3 different underlying microstructures. These multicomponent supramolecular oleogels with high tunability may further broaden their applicability in various healthy lipid-based product formats.Fast demographic growth has led to increasing interest in low-cost alternative protein sources to meet population needs. Consequently, scientific researchers have been focused on finding under-exploited sources of protein, alternative to those of animal origin. Usually plant proteins have been used for this purpose; however, most of them are not considered to be high quality due to their lack of some essential amino acids. Mushroom proteins usually have a complete essential amino acid profile, which may cover the dietetic requirements, as well as may have certain economic advantages as compared to animal and plant sources. Many mushrooms also have the ability to grow in agro-industrial waste, as submerged cultures, reaching high yields in a short period of time. Edible mushrooms can be processed to obtain a wide variety of food products enriched with high quality protein, which may have as well improved functional properties, giving them an added value. RAD1901 cost This review discusses the use of mushrooms as sustainable functional food.Designing highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an important challenge in energy conversion and storage technology. In this work, based on computational screening over doping of 23 kinds of transition metals (TMs), we use first-principles study to explore the ORR and OER activity of TM-N4 embedded black phosphorus carbide monolayer (b-PC). The results show that its catalytic performance highly depends on the number of electrons in the d orbital and the number of valence electrons of introduced TM atom. Moreover, we found that Co-N4-bPC (ηORR = 0.31 V; ηOER = 0.22 V), Rh-N4-bPC (ηORR = 0.33 V; ηOER = 0.62 V), and Ir-N4-bPC (ηORR = 0.21 V; ηOER = 0.21 V) can be promising candidates as bifunctional catalysts for both the ORR and OER and can be comparable or superior to TM-N4-graphene in terms of overpotential. They experience no structural distortion at 500 K. Moreover, the exfoliation energy of b-PC is lower than that of graphene, and these three promising candidates show much lower formation energy than TM-N4-graphene.