002 and p=.013), but not for lumbar-spine BMD (p=.068), total-hip BMD (p=.069), handgrip strength (p=.066) or gait velocity (p=.067). Apart from total-hip BMD (p=.055), handgrip strength (p=.069) and gait velocity (p=.881) values of the HIT-RT group decreased significantly during detraining. However, after 24months, overall effects (p<.001) were still observed for skeletal muscle mass index and hip-/leg-extensor strength.

Although unable to state from which point in time relevant detraining effects emerge, we conclude that health care providers should focus on continuous rather than intermitted exercise programs for older people. Clinical trial number clinicalTrials.gov NCT03453463; NCT04444661.

Although unable to state from which point in time relevant detraining effects emerge, we conclude that health care providers should focus on continuous rather than intermitted exercise programs for older people. Clinical trial number clinicalTrials.gov NCT03453463; NCT04444661.

Stigma is a barrier for help-seeking, mental health service access, and contributes to the mental health treatment gap. Because the mental health treatment gap is greatest in low- and middle-income countries, it is vital to identify effective strategies to reduce stigma in these settings. To date, there has been a lack of synthesis of findings from interventions to reduce stigma related to mental disorders within India.

A systematic review was conducted to provide an overview of the characteristics and effectiveness of stigma reduction interventions studies in India. PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched for literature published up to 30

June 2020.

From a total of 1,984 articles identified, only 9 were eligible for final inclusion, published between 1990-2020. No study was found from North, North-East, Central or East India. Most stigma-reduction interventions were multi-level, that is, using a combination of intra-personal, inter-personal and community level strategies to target changes in outcomes of individuals, environments and community groups. Three studies focused on health and stigma-related changes at the organisational/institutional level. No interventions focused on the governmental/structural level. There were only two randomised controlled trials, and two studies focused on all three stigma components of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Most interventions were delivered to community members. None focused on mental health professionals as intervention delivery target.

There is a need for the development of comprehensive, culturally acceptable evidence-based interventions that act at multiple levels, and involve a mixture of various stigma reducing strategies with multiple target groups.

There is a need for the development of comprehensive, culturally acceptable evidence-based interventions that act at multiple levels, and involve a mixture of various stigma reducing strategies with multiple target groups.Abnormal eating behaviors are common in patients with dementia. To comprehensively assess and understand these issues, we validated the Chinese version of the Abnormal Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Data for psychometric property evaluation were obtained from 129 patients with dementia. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, dimensionality, and concurrent validity of the instrument were tested. The instrument showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.73), time stability (Intra-class correlation coefficient 0.88, 95% CI 0.77-0.94), and concurrent validity (ρ = 0.60, P 1, factor loading ≥ 0.3) explaining 55.1% of the variance were obtained through exploratory factor analysis. Overall, 86.8% of the participants showed at least one abnormal eating behavior. The instrument is reliable and valid for assessing abnormal eating behaviors in patients with dementia. see more Patients with dementia had a high prevalence of abnormal eating behaviors.Family caregivers of persons with dementia are known to experience caregiver burden, anxiety, and social isolation. Spiritual well-being may help ameliorate these characteristics. The meaning of this phenomenon, though, is not known to have been explored previously within this caregiving population. This hermeneutic phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of spiritual well-being in 10 family caregivers. The analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed 5 prominent themes being connected, strength, presence, hardships, and duty. Phenomenological writing revealed the essence of spiritual well-being in the context of this study. This understanding will help nurses appreciate the importance some family caregivers place on spirituality and recognize when a family caregiver may benefit from a spiritual guidance referral. Further research is recommended to examine associations between spiritual well-being and burden, depression, and social isolation in caregivers of persons with dementia at different stages of receiving palliative care.STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling pathway has attracted considerable attention in cancer immunotherapy due to its capacity to boost vigorous antitumor immunity. However, the shortage of effective STING agonists limits the promotion of STING pathway in cancer treatment. Herein, we present an approach for in situ activation of STING pathway with nanoparticles delivered DNA-targeting chemo agents, based on the understanding that cytosol DNA is a pre-requisite for STING pathway activation. Through in vitro screening among several DNA-targeting chemo agents, we identified 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) as the most potent drug for stimulating interferon (IFN)-β secretion and proved that this process is mediated by the passage of DNA-containing exosomes from treated tumor cells to bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and subsequent activation of the STING pathway. Furthermore, we designed a polymeric-SN38 conjugate that could self-assemble into nanoparticles (SN38-NPs) for in vivo application. The SN38-NPs formulation reduced toxicity of free SN38, effectively stimulated the activation of STING pathway in E0771 tumors, and resulted in a tumor suppression rate (TSR%) of 82.6%. Our results revealed a new mechanism of SN38 in cancer treatment and should inspire using more DNA-targeting agents, especially in nanoformulation, for activating STING pathway and cancer chemoimmunotherapy.