We present the first case that describes a right broad ligament pregnancy patient complicated with pelvic congestion syndrome. A 23-year-old female referred to the gynecological emergency room with pelvic pain and amenorrhea. Serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) test of the patient was positive, and ultrasonography indicated that there were mixed mass signals and a large number of blood flow signals in the right parauterine area. Considering the possibility of a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, we performed laparoscopic exploration for this patient. According to the intraoperative situation, we formally diagnosed the right broad ligament pregnancy. Although the intraoperative hemorrhage was fierce, we still successfully completed the resection of the lesion and performed the ipsilateral salpingectomy. We performed three-dimensional CT vascular reconstruction on the patient after surgery, and diagnosed right pelvic congestion syndrome combined with the patient’s usual chronic pelvic pain symptoms.Reading disorders are common in children and can impact academic success, mental health, and career prospects. Reading is supported by network of interconnected left hemisphere brain regions, including temporo-parietal, occipito-temporal, and inferior-frontal circuits. Poor readers often show hypoactivation and reduced gray matter volumes in this reading network, with hyperactivation and increased volumes in the posterior right hemisphere. We assessed gray matter development longitudinally in pre-reading children aged 2-5 years using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (N = 32, 110 MRI scans; mean age 4.40 ± 0.77 years), half of whom had a family history of reading disorder. The family history group showed slower proportional growth (relative to total brain volume) in the left supramarginal and inferior frontal gyri, and faster proportional growth in the right angular, right fusiform, and bilateral lingual gyri. This suggests delayed development of left hemisphere reading areas in children with a family history of dyslexia, along with faster growth in right homologues. This alternate development pattern may predispose the brain to later reading difficulties and may later manifest as the commonly noted compensatory mechanisms. The results of this study further shows our understanding of structural brain alterations that may form the neurological basis of reading difficulties.The study aimed to assess the human pulpal response to direct pulp capping using Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) and Endocem MTA against ProRoot MTA as control. Intentional direct pulp capping was done using the three materials in 30 caries-free human premolars. After 30 days, the teeth were extracted, fixed and decalcified. Sections were prepared for histologic examination using light microscopy. Thickness and quality of dentine bridge formed and level of inflammation were evaluated. Difference between dentine bridge thickness of the three groups was statistically significant. Mean thickness of dentine bridges formed in ProRoot MTA group was greater than other two groups, and difference was statistically significant. Difference in dentine bridge thickness between ERRM and Endocem MTA was statistically significant. No significant difference was observed between the 3 groups with respect to inflammation. Results indicate ProRoot MTA performed best with ERRM giving better results than Endocem MTA.We aimed to investigate the in vitro physiologic effects of xylene, chloroform, orange oil and eucalyptus oil solvents for dissolving gutta-percha on L929 and HOB cell lines; 2.5 and 10 μL mL-1 of these solvents were tested for 24, 48 and 72 h. Gutta-percha solvents inhibited the proliferation rate of fibroblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner; however, no inhibition was detected in HOB (evaluated using MTT assay). None of the solvents induced apoptosis/necrosis in HOB cells at ≤2.5 μL mL-1 concentration in contrast to L929 (determined using acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining). UGT8-IN-1 cell line Each solvent tested reduced the migration rate of both L929 and HOB cell lines in a dose-dependent manner (evaluated using a scratch assay). Gutta-percha solvents can damage fibroblast-rich tissues. Osteoblasts seemed to be more resistant to the tested solvents, and excessive extrusion of solvents from the root canal may also damage the periradicular tissues and reduce the ability to repair.

To understand and describe mechanisms influencing social inequality in cancer communication between patients, companions and healthcare professionals.

The study was based on observations of 104 encounters and 30 semi-structured interviews with nurses and medical doctors on three Danish oncology wards. Observations, interviews and subsequent analysis were guided by the theoretical framework of cultural health capital developed by Shim to investigate mechanisms that may generate social inequality in cancer communication. The analysis addressed both interactive processes and interpretative meanings.

Information exchange was affected by (1) patient insight and preparation, (2) the presence of companions, and (3) communicating on patients’ “home ground.” Patients who, on the basis of language and hygiene, were assessed to have low capacity, received less information. Lack of mutual exchange of information left healthcare professionals and patients with fewer opportunities to provide-or receive-the best treatment.

Exchange of information between patients, companions and healthcare professionals is co-constructed in a mutual dynamic. To avoid social inequality in cancer communication, it is crucial that questions and answers allow proportionate insight into disease and treatment both for patients and for healthcare professionals.

Exchange of information between patients, companions and healthcare professionals is co-constructed in a mutual dynamic. To avoid social inequality in cancer communication, it is crucial that questions and answers allow proportionate insight into disease and treatment both for patients and for healthcare professionals.

To reveal the possible mechanisms underlying poststimulation block induced by high-frequency biphasic stimulation (HFBS).

A new axonal conduction model is developed for unmyelinated axons. This new model is different from the classical axonal conduction model by including both ion concentrations and membrane ion pumps to allow analysis of axonal responses to long-duration stimulation. Using the new model, the post-HFBS block phenomenon reported in animal studies is simulated and analyzed for a wide range of stimulation frequencies (100Hz-10kHz).

HFBS can significantly change the Na

and K

concentrations inside and outside the axon to produce a post-HFBS block of either short-duration (<500 msec) or long-duration (>3sec) depending on the duration of HFBS. The short-duration block is due to the fast recovery of the Na

and K

concentrations outside the axon in periaxonal space by diffusion of ions into and from the large extracellular space, while the long-duration block is due to the slow restoration of the normal Na

concentration inside the axon by membrane ion pumps.