Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) develops within 3-14 days when CoV2 invades epithelial, myeloid cells in the nasopharynx and pneumocytes in the respiratory tract through angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2). Infection swiftly disseminates to gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, renal organs as well as immune system to deregulate their normal functioning through unique and distinct mechanisms. The health system and economy has been intensely thwarted by the rapid spread and exorbitant mortality caused by COVID-19 disease across the globe. The acute progression of the disease and high infection rate pose an enormous challenge for its therapeutic management and critical care. The viral structure, genome and proteome have been deciphered which yielded cues for targeting already available therapeutic entities. More than 200 compounds have been screened and till date approximately 69 therapeutic agents are undergoing clinical trials across the world. Among these, remedesivir (RMD), chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), noscapine (NOS) and heparin have demonstrated fairly promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. Recently, RMD has been approved by USFDA for the management of COVID 19. However, intense research is going on to screen and ace the ‘magic bullets’ for the management of SARS-CoV2 infection worldwide. The current review illustrates the plausible therapeutic targets in SARS-CoV2 important for inhibition of virus cycle. In addition, the role of RMD, CQ, HCQ, NOS and heparin in combating infection has been addressed. The importance of vitamin C and D supplements as adjunct therapies in the prevention of SARS-CoV2 virus infection have also been summarized.CRISPR gene editing technology belongs to the third generation of gene editing technology. Since its discovery, it has attracted the attention of a large number of researchers. Investigators have published a series of academic articles and obtained breakthrough research results through in-depth research. In recent years, this technology has developed rapidly and been widely applied in many fields, especially in medicine. This review focuses on concepts of CRISPR gene editing technology, its application in cancer treatments, its existing limitations, and the new progress in recent years for detailed analysis and sharing.Electron tomography has been widely applied to three-dimensional (3D) morphology characterization and chemical analysis at the nanoscale. A HAADF-EDS bimodal tomographic (HEBT) reconstruction technique has been developed to extract high resolution element-specific information. However, the reconstructed elemental maps cannot be directly converted to quantitative compositional information. In this work, we propose a quantification approach for obtaining elemental weight fraction maps from the HEBT reconstruction technique using the physical parameters extracted from a Monte Carlo code, MC X-ray. A similar quantification approach is proposed for the EDS-STEM tomographic reconstruction. The performance of the two quantitative reconstruction methods, using the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique, are evaluated and compared for a simulated dataset of a two-dimensional phantom sample. The effects of the reconstruction parameters including the number of iterations and the weight of the HAADF signal are discussed. Finally, the two approaches are applied to an experimental dataset to show the 3D structure and quantitative elemental maps of a particle of flux melted metal-organic framework glass.Pollutants in wastewater and exhaust gas bring out serious concerns to public health and the environment. Biochar can be developed as a sustainable adsorbent originating from abundant bio-wastes, such as agricultural waste, forestry residue, food waste and human waste. Here we highlight the state-of-the-art research progress on pyrochar and hydrochar for the sorption of pollutants (heavy metal, organics, gas, etc) in wastewater and exhaust gases. The adsorption performance of pyrochar and hydrochar are compared and discussed in-depth, including preparation procedures (carbonization and activation), sorption possible mechanisms, and physiochemical properties. Challenges and perspective for designing efficient and environmental benign biochar-based adsorbents are finally addressed.This research aimed to investigate whether a correlation exists between students’ approach to learning and clinical decision-making and to determine whether an educational learning intervention would impact on clinical decision-making outcomes. Tait, Entwistle and McCune’s Approaches to Study Skills for Students (ASSIST) and Jenkins’ Clinical Decision Making Nursing Scale (CDMNS) was administered to a convenience sample of adult nursing students (n = 78) at a university in central London, UK, at the beginning of the final year of their nursing course and, following the learning intervention, again at the end of the year. Pre-intervention, 38% of participants predisposed to the surface approach to learning; post-intervention, less than 8%. Clinical decision-making scores were statistically significantly higher for students adopting the strategic approach at the pre-intervention point and significantly higher for those adopting the deep approach at the post-intervention point. Selleckchem mTOR inhibitor At both pre- and post- intervention data collection points there was a negative correlation between the surface approach and clinical decision-making scores. Findings indicate a statistically significant relationship exists between participants’ approach to learning and their clinical decision-making. Changing from the surface to either the strategic or deep approach to learning is shown to impact positively on clinical decision-making outcomes.Effective assessment of nurses in higher education is dependent on the interpretation and demonstration of learning outcomes by students and educators/academics. Rubrics can effectively communicate unit learning outcomes to students and may contribute towards the academic rigour of nursing courses, when assessment criteria are articulated clearly and consistently to both students and educators/academics. This paper aims to describe the different types and uses of rubrics, as well as outline the steps required to develop exceptional rubrics whilst using the literature as a basis for suggestions. Well written rubrics can facilitate consistency of marking across a student cohort, which may result in decreased student anxiety regarding assessment expectations, uniformity of assessment style and layout and may ensure that educators/academics across a teaching team are interpreting assessment criteria, consistently. Exceptional rubrics can empower students to success in academic assessments.