In the diabetic retina of mice, the morphological damage was alleviated by piperine. Likewise, the retinal vascular leakage was substantially decreased by piperine. see more Further, the protein levels of HIF-1α and VEGFA were significantly reduced by piperine. Moreover, the level of the antiangiogenic factor of PEDF dramatically increased by piperine.

Piperine may exert protective effects on the retina of mice with diabetes

regulating the pro-antiangiogenic homeostasis composed of HIF-1/VEGFA and PEDF.

Piperine may exert protective effects on the retina of mice with diabetes via regulating the pro-antiangiogenic homeostasis composed of HIF-1/VEGFA and PEDF.

To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) against H

O

-induced apoptosis in human ARPE-19 cells.

The lentiviral vector expressing HO-1 was prepared and transfected into apoptotic ARPE-19 cells induced by H

O

. Functional experiments including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and mitochondrial membrane potential assay were conducted.

The ultrastructure of ARPE-19 cells was observed using transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that exogenous HO-1 significantly ameliorated H

O

-induced loss of cell viability, apoptosis and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ARPE-19 cells. The overexpression of HO-1 facilitated the transfer of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) from cytoplasm to nucleus, which in turn upregualted expressions HO-1 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, HO-1 upregulation further inhibited H

O

-induced release of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3).

Exogenous HO-1 protect ARPE-19 cells against H

O

-induced oxidative stress by regulating the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and caspase-3.

Exogenous HO-1 protect ARPE-19 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by regulating the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and caspase-3.

To investigate the role of microRNA-25 (miR-25) in proliferation and apoptosis of retinal Müller glia (MG) under high glucose condition.

The purity of the cultured cells was verified by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry using antibodies that specifically recognized MG. The expression level of miR-25 under normal and high glucose conditions were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). miR-25 mimics and negative control were transfected into MG and multiple functional experiments including cell counting kit-8 assay, EDU assay, and flow cytometry were conducted to explore the effects of miR-25 on the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose cultured MG (HGMG).

Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry confirmed the high purity of primary cultured MG. RT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-25 was significantly repressed in HGMG, while over-expression of miR-25 by miR-25 mimic markedly inhibited the high glucose induced cell apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of MG.

The expression level of miR-25 is significantly downregulated in HGMG and its overexpression could attenuate the high glucose damages on MG by promoting proliferation and reducing apoptosis.

The expression level of miR-25 is significantly downregulated in HGMG and its overexpression could attenuate the high glucose damages on MG by promoting proliferation and reducing apoptosis.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant changes in ophthalmic practice. The initial strategy of strict restriction of elective activities has been replaced with various guidelines to revitalize ophthalmic procedures considering the new safety concerns. In this manuscript, we reviewed recent recommendations for ophthalmic practice in different fields of ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic.Petroselinum crispum var. neapolitanum Danert (Apiaceae) (PC), popularly known as parsley, is an herb native to the Mediterranean region widely cultivated around the world for culinary and ethnomedicinal purposes. The herb is traditionally used in various parts of the world to treat arterial hypertension, hemorrhoid, nose bleeding, hyperlipidemia, and pain, among other indications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antithrombotic activity of an aqueous extract PC in rats. Aerial parts of a flat-leaf variety of parsley were extracted by decoction. In vivo thrombosis in rat models as well as ex vivo assays were used in the evaluation of PC antithrombotic effects. Intravenous administration of PC (25 mg/kg.b.w), 5 min before thrombosis induction, reduced the venous thrombus formation by 98.2%, while oral administration (125 mg/kg.b.w) impaired it by 76.2%. In the arterial thrombosis model, the oral administration of PC at 15 or 25 mg/kg.b.w, 60 min before thrombosis induction, increased the carotid artery occlusion time by 150% (37.0 ± 6.44 min) and 240% (more than 60 min), respectively. A HPLC-DAD-MS/MS profile of PC extract used in this study was provided. Apiin showed to be the most abundant phenolic compound in the extract. It also revealed the presence of many coumaric acid derivatives. Our results indicate that PC is a potential candidate for the development of a phytotherapeutic drug in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases and provide a detailed chemical profile useful for controlling PC extract production in view of phytotherapy.

Traditional Siddha Medicine advises using metal-based formulations to treat cancers. In the case of any toxicities during the therapy, Siddha physicians use

(VC) whole plant

(crude aqueous extract-CAE) to reverse the toxic effects.

To evaluate the nephroprotective activity of CAE and its fractions in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to assess whether they compromise the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin.

Cisplatin-induced renal damage was induced in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice during mild phase of tumor growth. CAE and its butanol (BF) and aqueous (AF) fractions were administered orally from the 5th day for five days. Nephroprotective potential (serum urea, creatinine, renal histology) and effect of VC on cisplatin anticancer efficacy (tumor volume, viable tumor cells, percentage increase in life span (% ILS)) were calculated.

CAE and its fractions significantly reversed the cisplatin-induced renal damage. CAE and BF treated animals showed regeneration of 50%-75% of proximal tubular cells.