With the waste collection efficiency in Harare at about 72.4%±7.5%, the city collects approximately 170, 385, 600±33 384 209 kg of HSW annually. All the collected HSW is disposed of in the city’s major MSW dumpsite called Pomona and only about 23, 498, 400±3, 988, 817 kg MSW is recovered annually with the average recovery efficiency at around 9.5%±2.8%, where most of the waste recovery is done by the waste pickers.Objective To evaluate the relationship between sleep habits and sleep bruxism (SB) in schoolaged children. Methods Survey data were collected from the parents of 500 children (267 males and 233 females; age range 6-12 years). The American Academy of Sleep Medicine diagnostic criteria were used to evaluate SB. A Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was conducted to determine sleep habits. The chi-square test was used for statistical evaluation. Results SB was observed in 160 children (32%). SB awareness was 5.4%. The presence of SB in other family members, mothers’ education ≤8 years, and income below minimum wage were found as family risk factors. The presence of sleep disorders was 61.4% and observed to be statistically higher in those with SB. Conclusion SB is a prevalent disorder that might be associated with sleep disorders. The parents of children with SB had inadequate knowledge and awareness pertaining to SB.

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of two different types of single cardiac rehabilitation (CR) exercise modes on the inflammation status, oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of saliva.

The study involved two groups of CR patients group A (

 = 21) used a cycloergometer, and group B (

 = 21) received breathing and balance exercises. C-reactive protein as an inflammatory biomarker, malondialdehyde (MDA) as a measure of the level of oxidative stress and salivary 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) as an index of TAC were performed twice before the beginning of the CR exercise (pre-CR) and immediately after (post-CR).

No significant changes were observed for the inflammatory response of saliva after CR exercise regardless of its type. MDA decreased (pre-CR 39.7 ± 101.9 vs. GDC-0879 supplier post-CR 16.8 ± 44.3 ng·mL

;

 < 0.01) and DPPH increased (pre-CR 25.9 ± 16.7 vs. post-CR 32.6 ± 14.0% reduction;

 < 0.05) after CR exercise in the group B, with similar but not statistically significant changes in the group A.

Two popular exercise modes, especially breathing and balance exercises, reduce salivary oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant potential of saliva in CR patients. The approval of saliva as a non-invasive source of information about inflammation status, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in cardiac patients requires further studies.

Two popular exercise modes, especially breathing and balance exercises, reduce salivary oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant potential of saliva in CR patients. The approval of saliva as a non-invasive source of information about inflammation status, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in cardiac patients requires further studies.Background Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the occurrence of polyarticular contractures. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect 25% of patients with arthrogryposis.Clinical Presentation In this case report, the authors describe rehabilitation of a child between 8 and 24 months of age with AMC accompanied by Pierre-Robin Sequence. Physiotherapy directed to the TMJ included manual therapy, food intake training, and sensory training.Conclusion Increase in the mobility of the TMJ and improvement in food intake, swallowing, speech, and breathing were achieved. Further research is necessary for investigating the effects of the proposed protocol of physiotherapy on a larger number of children with AMC and co-occurrence of TMD.Research shows disclosure of CSA is influenced by interpersonal, intrapersonal and systemic factors, but there is limited understanding of factors that may influence survivors’ decisions as to whether to initiate legal proceedings against perpetrators or not. This understanding is necessary to support CSA survivors who may wish to pursue criminal conviction. This study aimed to qualitatively explore decision-making around legal initiation of historic abuse for adult survivors of CSA. Participants were attending psychological trauma services in Scotland and were identified for the study via treating clinicians. Seven participants engaged in individual semi-structured interviews. Data were generated using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Two main themes emerged 1) awareness and preparedness for the legal process and 2) weighing up the possible outcomes of legal initiation. Six subordinate themes were identified. Like decision-making around disclosure, barriers and facilitators exist to legal initiation. Similar barriers included fear of harm and the impact of trauma on perceptions of self, others and systems. Similar facilitators included supportive relationships and increased visibility of CSA prosecutions. Legal initiation may require a distinct foundation of supportive factors, including information about the legal process.

Suicide is a significant public health burden in the United States. There is little understanding how policies regarding gun purchasing affects suicide rates. Wisconsin state legislature rescinded a 48-hour waiting period for handgun purchases, which took effect in June 2015.

To determine whether firearm-related suicide increased with the repeal of the 48-hour waiting period for handgun purchases in 2015.

We obtained data through the Wisconsin Department of Health Services via the Wisconsin Interactive Statistics on Health Query System. Suicide rates were compared by Comparative Mortality Figures (CMF).

We reviewed all suicides in Wisconsin between 2012-2014 and 2016-2018. The rate ratios (

) and second generation P values (p

) comparing deaths between 2012-2014 and 2016-2018 indicate significant increases in firearm-related suicide among people of color (

 = 1.927; p

= 0.0) and among Wisconsinites residing in urban counties (

 = 1.379, p

= 0.0). There was no significant increase in non-firearm-related suicide (

 = 1.