This paper highlights the importance of understanding differences among women and men in opioid use and its biological and psychosocial effects to advance the gender-based treatment approaches and effective public health policy.

Blenderized tube feeds (BTFs) have increased in popularity among enteral patients and their caregivers as an alternative to commercial formula. Motivations include ingredient flexibility, increased tolerance, and inclusion in family meals. Research has explored the attitudes and perceptions of patients, caregivers, and registered dietitian nutritionists but not those of physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs). this website The purpose of this study was to evaluate their attitudes and perceptions of BTFs.

A survey created via Research Electronic Data Capture tools was distributed to physicians and APPs to evaluate clinical practice characteristics, experience, knowledge, and perceptions of BTFs.

Survey response rate was 17.3% (n = 206). Half of respondents reported familiarity with BTFs, but 95% of respondents had received no formal training regarding BTFs. Physicians reported higher levels of confidence in BTF knowledge than APPs. However, the overall level of confidence in BTF knowledge was poor, with a ming BTFs.

To develop and test a mobile phone application (app) for graduate nurses on the use and care of central venous catheters.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a teaching hospital in the central east coast of Taiwan.

Recruitment occurred from 1 August 2019 -31 October 2019. All graduates (N=90) attending a 2-week induction program attended a lecture and completed a 10-item questionnaire on central venous catheter assessment and care at the end of Week 1 (Time 1). Volunteers were then randomly allocated to receive a link to the learning app on their mobile phone (n=39 Group A) or control condition (N=40 Group B). One week later, all graduates completed the knowledge assessment (Time 2) and a simulated clinical assessment with a mannequin. Skills were assessed using an 11-item, direct observation of procedural skills form. Only data from consenting participants were analysed.

Compared with controls, nurses receiving the intervention reported significantly better knowledge (t=-7.98, p<.001, C confirm results.Childhood eczema is common but its prevalence is variable in different regions of the world. In this study, we explore the associations of various risk factors such as the microbiome, environment, lifestyle, diet and maternal stress with the development of eczema among infants in Hong Kong. Upon enrolment in the study, the infants’ parents provided demographic data by self-reporting. At enrolment and 1 year after birth, the infants’ allergic conditions, lifestyles and dietary factors and the degree of maternal stress were assessed using various questionnaires. The infants’ gut microbiomes were analysed by 16S RNA sequencing, and the longitudinal changes in various bacterial strains were compared between control and eczema-affected groups. Multivariate analyses (after adjustment for other significant factors) revealed that the changes in the abundance of Hungatella hathewayi in the gut were significantly associated with the development of eczema (p = 0.005). In conclusion, the increased abundance of Hungatella hathewayi was associated with an increased risk of developing eczema by 1 year of age. This study thus explored the potential risk factors for the development of eczema in Hong Kong infants, and sheds light on the possible association between early-life gut microbiome and other environmental factors.

All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance.

Pennsylvania school nurses (N=21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis.

Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance.

A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.

A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.

To assess the prognostic utility of third cervical vertebra skeletal muscle index (C3 SMI) measured from preoperative head and neck computed tomography (CT) in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Retrospective study.

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 125 patients who underwent primary curative surgery for OSCC between 2009 and 2017. Their preoperative C3 SMI was calculated by adjusting the C3 cross-sectional area delineated on head and neck CT by body height squared. A Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify prognostic factors, and a novel nomogram based on C3 SMI was built for individualized survival prediction.

In Kaplan-Meier analysis, high C3 SMI was significantly associated with higher 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than low C3 SMI. In multivariate analysis, low C3 SMI was an independent risk factor for poor DFS and OS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.197; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.170-4.512, P= .032 and HR 2.143; 95% CI, 1.232-3.728, P= .007, respectively). The concordance-index (C-index) of the nomogram based on C3 SMI was 0.814 for OS, higher than that of the nomogram based on tumor-node-metastasis staging alone (C-index=0.731).

C3 SMI might serve as a novel prognosticator in OSCC patients undergoing curative surgery, and the nomogram based on C3 SMI might provide good prognostic discrimination ability for individualized survival prediction.

IV Laryngoscope, 131E2257-E2265, 2021.

IV Laryngoscope, 131E2257-E2265, 2021.