The BCVA improved to 0.5 ± 0.1 log MAR at 6 months (P < 0.001) and then stabilized. The U shaped closure was the commonest pattern (n = 22, 54%), followed by V-shaped closure (n = 16, 39%) while irregular closure was seen in 3 eyes (7%).

Retinal massage after ILM peeling is a very simple, and as yet under-utilized manoeuvre that may improve hole closure rates and lead to potentially greater improvement in vision compared to existing techniques for large holes.

Retinal massage after ILM peeling is a very simple, and as yet under-utilized manoeuvre that may improve hole closure rates and lead to potentially greater improvement in vision compared to existing techniques for large holes.

To assess patient experience of intravitreal injections using vital-signs, visual-experience, pain-rating and emotional response during intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

A prospective observational study of patient experience of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections done following metrics were collected pre-injection, during injection, and post-injection pain assessment using visual analog score, fear-response rating, visual-experience questionnaire, and vital-signs.

A total of one-hundred-and-seventy-four patients undergoing intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for retinal pathologies were included in the study. Mean age was 58.8 ± 10.4 years in <5 injection group (n = 133) and 59.02 ± 9.0 years in ≥5 injection group (n = 41) (P = 0.90).During injection, 90.2% of patients in <5 injection group reported moderate or severe pain compared to 78% of patients in ≥5 injection group. In pre and post-injection phases, mild-to-moderate pain was reported in both groups (P = <0.001). Ninety-two (52.9%) patientse overall rating of mild-to-moderate fear during the procedure.

To study the characteristics of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) in Indian eyes based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings and their association with macular pathologies.

Retrospective study of 26 patients diagnosed with FCE. All patients’ clinical and imaging data were reviewed.

There were eight females and 18 males aged between 24 and 85 years. FCE was noted in 31 eyes of 26 patients – unilateral in 21 and bilateral in 5. The conforming type was noted in 13 and nonconforming in 19 eyes. The location was extrafoveal in 16 and subfoveal in 15 eyes. The morphology was bowl-shaped in 24, cone-shaped in six eyes, and mixed type in one eye. Associated pathologies were central serous chorioretinopathy in nine eyes, choroidal neovascular membrane in seven eyes, Stargardt’s disease in three eyes, Best disease in four eyes, other retinal dystrophies in two eyes, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, each in one eye. The mean FCE width was 1667.2 ± 817.7 μ, mean depth was 95.7 ± 46.4 μ, and the mean choroidal thickness under the FCE was 234.8 ± 85.9 μ. No abnormal choroidal tissue was found under any FCE.

FCE is a relatively common entity and frequently associated with macular pathologies. learn more The presence of an FCE did not alter the course or management of these conditions.

FCE is a relatively common entity and frequently associated with macular pathologies. The presence of an FCE did not alter the course or management of these conditions.

To compare results of a novel “conjunctival frill/smile incision” on surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) and patient discomfort vs conventional trabeculectomy in the initial postoperative period.

Sixty trabeculectomy cases were subjected to either conjunctival frill incision, performed 1.5-2.0 mm from the limbus (study group) or conventional fornix-based conjunctival flap (control group). Corneal astigmatism and suture-induced discomfort were assessed by keratometry and a self-devised patient questionnaire, respectively.

Both groups generated a “with the rule” SIA, which was 1.77 vs 2.42 at 1 week and reduced to 1.27 vs 1.8 in the study vs control group, after removal of sutures – both scleral flap releasable and conjunctival at 1 month. Patient discomfort score revealed enhanced comfort in 37% of patients (study group) vs 17% (control group) during the early postoperative period. After 1 month of surgery, good comfort was regained in all cases.

This novel suturing technique results in reduced SIA, patient discomfort during the 1

month after trabeculectomy.

This novel suturing technique results in reduced SIA, patient discomfort during the 1st month after trabeculectomy.

To evaluate the central visual field by microperimetry (MP), in early glaucoma.

Consecutive perimetrically experienced patients with a single nasal step or arcuate scotoma and 14 control eyes underwent MP. Retinal sensitivity on MP was mapped for frequency and depth of loss in the central 10° around fixation.

Twenty-one eyes had a single nasal step and 19 eyes with single arcuate scotoma on standard automated perimetry (SAP), with central 10° being normal on 30-2 and 10-2 perimetry. The average mean sensitivity on MP, in glaucomatous and control eyes was 11.8 ± 3.9 dB and 16.6 ± 1.2 dB, respectively, P = 0.0004. The average mean defect on MP-1, in glaucomatous and control eyes was -6.5 ± 2.0 dB and -3.0 ± 1.2 Db, respectively, P = 0.05. The corresponding retinal hemisphere showed significant defects in MP. In eyes with single nasal steps, an absolute scotoma was seen in 14-28% of eyes 8-10° off fixation, moderate to mild defects were seen in 10-52% eyes, and 10% eyes showed involvement up to 4° from the fixation. Eyes with arcuate scotoma had an absolute scotoma on MP in 95% of eyes, 6-10° from fixation, with extension up to 2° from fixation in 21%. In glaucomatous eyes, the normal hemisphere on SAP showed a mild defect on MP in 43%. Control eyes did not show any defect in SAP or MP.

A significant loss of central retinal sensitivity is recorded on MP in early glaucomatous neuropathy as compared to SAP. Paramacular absolute defects were seen at 6-10° from fixation.

A significant loss of central retinal sensitivity is recorded on MP in early glaucomatous neuropathy as compared to SAP. Paramacular absolute defects were seen at 6-10° from fixation.