Cancer is a major cause of death in China. ARS-1620 Ras inhibitor As alcohol drinking, a risk factor of cancer, is common in China, we aimed to estimate the alcohol-attributable cancer deaths and years of potential life lost (YPLL) across all provinces in China.

We estimated the proportion of cancer deaths and YPLL attributable to alcohol consumption at the province level. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated based on 1) prevalence of alcohol consumption, obtained from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002; 2) dose-response relative risks (RRs) of alcohol consumption and site-specific cancer, extracted from published meta-analyses; 3) cancer mortality data, originated from the National Program of Cancer Registry 2013.

We estimated that 98,306 cancer deaths were attributable to alcohol consumption and accounted for 4.56 % of the total cancer deaths in China in 2013. Of these deaths, a total of 919,741.57 person-years premature loss of life was caused. Both overall PAF and average YPLL per 100,000 individuals were much higher in men than that in women (7.01 % vs. 0.33 % and 130.55 vs. 4.45, respectively). At the province level, overall PAF ranged from 2.14 % (95 % CI 1.40 %-2.87 %) in Shanghai to 6.56 % (95 % CI 4.06 %-9.05 %) in Anhui and the average YPLL per 100,000 individuals ranged from 10.97 in Tibet to 106.52 in Shandong.

Cancer burden attributable to alcohol consumption varied across provinces in China. Province-level approaches are warranted to decrease alcohol consumption and reduce the alcohol-related cancer burden.

Cancer burden attributable to alcohol consumption varied across provinces in China. Province-level approaches are warranted to decrease alcohol consumption and reduce the alcohol-related cancer burden.

To examine associations between amounts of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in meconium and behavior in school aged children exposed to alcohol and drugs in utero.

A secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of cocaine, polydrug exposed children, primarily African-American, low socioeconomic status, recruited at birth into a longitudinal study. FAEEs were quantified with gas chromatography via a flame ionization detector. Meconium was analyzed for FAEEs for 216 newborns of whom 194 were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at ages 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Generalized estimating equation analyses were used to assess the relationship of quantity of FAEEs to outcomes, controlling for maternal psychological distress.

Higher concentrations of FAEEs (ethyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, and ethyl linolenate) were associated with caregiver reported aggressive and/or delinquent behavior at ages 10 and 12. After control for caregiver psychological distress, and age, significant (p < 0.05) FAEE by age interactions were found for ethyl myristate for aggression and for ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl linolenate for delinquency. Thus, higher concentrations of FAEE were related to more caregiver reported aggressive and delinquent behaviors of clinical significance at ages 10 and 12.

Higher concentrations of FAEEs in meconium are potential markers for children at risk for aggressive and delinquent behaviors related to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.

Higher concentrations of FAEEs in meconium are potential markers for children at risk for aggressive and delinquent behaviors related to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has been validated for use with adolescents to screen their harmful alcohol consumption. How well AUDIT or its derivative consumption version AUDIT-C predicts the development of problematic alcohol use among adolescents remains unknown. The aim of our study was to examine the predictive capacity of AUDIT and AUDIT-C among adolescents in a one-year follow-up.

Finnish adolescents (N = 337) were examined at baseline with AUDIT and one year later with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children – Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) interview to assess alcohol problem use. Test characteristics and regression models were analyzed in predicting alcohol problem use.

The sensitivity of AUDIT (cut-off ≥5) was 0.809 and specificity 0.621 in predicting alcohol problem use among adolescents one year later. The positive test posterior probability was 0.51. For those who screened negative at baseline, the positive test posterior probability was 0.13. With AUDIT-C (cut-off ≥3), the posterior probabilities were 0.47 and 0.12, respectively (sensitivity 0.855, specificity 0.529). The odds ratio was 6.95 for those screening positive with AUDIT and 6.59 with AUDIT-C at baseline to have alcohol problem use one year later.

AUDIT has utility in screening youth at risk for developing alcohol problem use. It has significant predictive capacity in detecting risk especially among adolescents with depression.

AUDIT has utility in screening youth at risk for developing alcohol problem use. It has significant predictive capacity in detecting risk especially among adolescents with depression.

Heart failure (HF) is a growing concern worldwide. S100A1 and zinc α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) play an important role in heart function. We examined serum levels of S100A1 and ZAG in HF patients and their association with anthropometric indices and body composition.

Sixty-four patients with HF, mean age 56.2, 48 male and 16 females, with ejection fraction <30-35%, were recruited from Shahid Madani Heart Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, from April to October 2019. Two groups, cachexia (n=32) and non-cachexia (n=32), which were divided based on weight loss of at least 7.5% in the last six months, were compared with the control group (n=26). S100A1 and ZAG serum levels were determined by ELISA. Serum median (min-max) levels of S100A1 and ZAG were significantly greater in HF patients [326 (184.8-635.2) and 150.4 (61.5-520.7)] than healthy controls [265.4 (43.6-658.8) and 119.8 (16.7-533)], both p=0.001. S100A1 Serum levels in cachexia group was significantly higher than non-cachexia group [331 (245.6-469.6) vs. 318 (184.