The coding genes for the synthesis of 2,3-butanedione/acetoin (alsS, alsD, butA) were predicted from the whole-genome. A co-culture of L. harbinensis M1 and L. casei M8 produced a fermented soymilk product with both markedly improved flavor and good probiotic potential. It appears that L. harbinensis M1 has much potential for improving the organoleptic properties of fermented soymilk.Zygosaccharomyces rouxii represents the main spoilage cause of concentrated apple juice, leading to waste of products or recalls. Essential oils components derived from plants have been found to present antimicrobial activities against various microbes. However, few work has been reported about their antimicrobial activities against Z. rouxii in concentrated apple juice. In this work, reparameterized Gompertz equation was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of different antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of a Z. rouxii cocktail (6.3 lg colony forming units/mL) composed of six strains isolated from concentrated apple juice and two strains from honey and grape must. The obtained mathematical models presented that thymol, carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde were the promising options to inhibit Z. rouxii in 30 oBrix apple juice, reaching a maximal decrease on yeast growth of around 99.65 ± 0.61%. Whereas other antimicrobials showed lower antimicrobial activities with a maximal growth decrease of ranging from 67.13 ± 3.62% to 13.38 ± 1.16%. Additionally, the sensorial characteristics were not affected when the antimicrobials assayed were applied at the effective concentrations in commercial apple juice product. This work provided a theoretical feasibility that thymol, carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde could be applied as natural preservatives for the control of Z. rouxii-related spoilage in fruit juice industry.Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Brochothrix thermosphacta and Serratia liquefaciens are common spoilage organisms found within the microbiome of refrigerated vacuum-packaged (VP) beef. Extending and predicting VP beef shelf-life requires knowledge about how spoilage bacteria growth is influenced by environmental extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Multifactorial effects of pH, lactic acid (LA) and glucose on growth kinetics were quantified for C. maltaromaticum, B. thermosphacta and S. liquefaciens within a heat shrink-wrapped VP commercial film containing a simulated beef medium. LA, pH, and undissociated lactic acid (UDLA) significantly affected bacterial growth rate (p less then 0.001), whereas 5.55 mM glucose produced a marginal effect. At 1.12 mM UDLA, growth rate and maximum population density decreased 20.9 and 3.5%, 56 and 7%, and 11 and 2% for C. maltaromaticum, B. thermosphacta, and S. liquefaciens, respectively.In this study, we evaluated the contributions of three bacteria (Pseudomonas versuta, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Aeromonas sobria) to the proteolysis, biogenic amines formation, volatile organic compounds accumulation, lipid oxidation, nucleotide catabolism, discoloration, and water migration of bream flesh during chilled storage. The results showed that P. versuta exhibited hydrolyzing activity against sarcoplasmic proteins, and all three strains could degrade myofibrillar proteins, specifically actin. The highest producer of putrescine was S. putrefaciens, which reached a maximum level 5.05 mg/kg after 14 days. Compared with the A. sobria group, hypoxanthine riboside degraded faster in samples inoculated with P. this website versuta or S. putrefaciens, A. sobria, P. versuta, and S. putrefaciens were responsible for the production of alcohol and aldehydes, whereas only S. putrefaciens produced thiophene and partial esters. Fish flesh inoculated with P. versuta, S. putrefaciens, and A. sobria presented slight green, yellow, and pink discoloration, respectively.Enteric viruses cause the majority of foodborne illnesses and common symptoms of many foodborne illnesses include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. Among the enteric viruses, human Norovirus (NoV) and hepatitis virus (HAV and HEV) are the main viruses suspected to cause foodborne outbreaks and represent a serious public health. The study presents survey tools of viruses in a wide variety of foodstuffs and results obtained during 56 foodborne outbreaks investigation in France between 2012 and 2017. 246 suspected foods were examined for the presence of four human enteric viruses (NoV GI and NoV GII, HAV or HEV) either using methods described in the EN ISO 15216-1 or in house methods. All viral analysis of food samples were performed with the implementation of process control and an external amplification controls. Eighteen of 56 foodborne outbreaks investigated included at least one positive food sample (16/18 NoV, 1/18 HAV and 1/18 HEV). The genomic levels of four viruses detected ranged from less then 102 to 107 genome copies per g or per L. This study showed the interest to develop methods for the extraction of viruses in different foodstuffs to increase the possibility to identify the association between viral illness and food consumption.Biofilm formation is a frequent source of contamination of food products, which results in significant economic losses through microbial spoilage and poses serious health concerns. Little is known about the fate of Staphylococcus aureus in the dual-species biofilms with Pseudomonas fluorescens an important spoiler commonly found in aquatic products. This study evaluates the interactions between mono- or dual-species biofilms formed by P. fluorescens and S. aureus, as well as the sensitivity of the two tested strains to carvacrol. The biofilm cell population, expolysaccharide production, biofilm structures of P. fluorescens as mono- and dual-species with S. aureus at ratios of 11 and 10.01 were investigated with different concentrations of carvacrol (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mM) in fish juice at 30 °C. The results show that the biofilm cell population of S. aureus in the dual-species was significantly lower (p less then 0.05) than that in the mono-species, compared to no difference for P. fluorescens. In the co-cluorescens and S. aureus in dual-species biofilms promoted the large production of expolysaccharides and complex biofilm structures modulated by AI-2 signal, which results in the community-level resistance to carvacrol.