edictors of anemia among children on antiretroviral therapy. Children with HIV were the most vulnerable group for anemia, especially in developing countries. Therefore, improving their nutritional status and considering other predictors of anemia were very important for children to reduce the incidence of anemia among children with HIV.

The use of herbal medicine is common among HIV/AIDS patients due to chronic nature of the disease. However, the data are scarce on the extent of herbal medicine use and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients while on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Ethiopia.

To assess the extent of herbal medicine use and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on ART in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study design was conducted from February to June 2019. Patients were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire. Binary analysis using a chi-square test was used to determine the independent association of herbal medicine use to demographic and clinical characteristics, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was done to identify predictability of herbal medicine use adjusted for other factors.

A total of 318 participants were included in this study of which 26.1% of patients have used herbal medicines while on ART. The common herbal medicines used by participants were garlic (

) 37.35% and Damakase (

) 22.9%. Most participants (60%) used herbal medicine for the treatment of opportunistic infections. The independent predictors for herbal medicine use were female gender (P=0.04; AOR 1.99, 95% CI 1.02-3.88), age above 60 (P=0.046; AOR 2.79, 95% CI 1.02-7.65), history of experiencing OIs (p=0.02; AOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.12-3.65) and developing side effects from ART (p=0.001; AOR 2.80, 95% CI 1.55-5.10).

A considerable proportion of HIV/AIDS patients used herbal medicine concomitantly with ART at TASH, Ethiopia. The determinant factors for use of herbal medicine were female gender, age above 60, experiencing OIs and developing side effects from ART.

A considerable proportion of HIV/AIDS patients used herbal medicine concomitantly with ART at TASH, Ethiopia. The determinant factors for use of herbal medicine were female gender, age above 60, experiencing OIs and developing side effects from ART.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) introduction has sharply decreased mortality and morbidity rates among HIV-infected patients and resulted in longer and healthier lives among people living with HIV. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the level of consistent condom use and associated factors among ART users in Hawassa City.

Cross-sectional study design triangulated with qualitative phenomenology was used. One hospital and one health center were selected by simple random sampling and proportional to size allocation was used to assign participants to each health facility. Accordingly, 358 study subjects were selected. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to implicate significant factors. Thematic content analysis was used and narrative report writing with a quote was used to present qualitative data.

The prevalence of consistent condom utilization in this study was 51.4%. Sex (AOR= 4.20, 95% CI 2.386, 7.41), residence (AOR=3.55, 95% CI 1.81, 6.99) educational status (AOR=0.nsistent condom utilization among ART users was low. Sex, residence, educational status, perception towards ART were significantly associated with consistent condom utilization. Moreover, husband refusal, religious reason, decrement in satisfaction on the qualitative study were associated with non-consistent use of a condom. The importance of consistent condom use should be well addressed in HIV/AIDS patients, to prevent transmission and multiple infections of HIV.[This retracts the article DOI 10.2147/DHPS.S67328.].[This retracts the article DOI 10.2147/DHPS.S24798.].

The efficacy of vision screening for adults has not been well established. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vision-threatening ocular diseases, including glaucoma, among subjects who participated in specific health checkups in Japan.

This cross-sectional study included 1360 individuals who underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at 16 ophthalmology clinics located in three municipalities. We surveyed the study participants using a questionnaire. The participants also underwent visual acuity and refraction tests, intraocular pressure tests, slit-lamp microscopy, fundus examinations, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and static perimetry.

The mean age of the subjects was 63.7 ± 8.7 years (range, 40-74 years). Among the 1360 participants, 168 (12.4%) were diagnosed with glaucoma and 33 (2.4%) with preperimetric glaucoma. Cataracts were seen in 741 participants (54.5%), and 77 (5.7%) were diagnosed with clinically significant cataracts. Retinal diseases included macular degeneration (1.2%), diabetic retinopathy (1.0%), chorioretinal atrophy (0.5%), macular epiretinal membrane (2.9%), branch retinal vein occlusion (0.7%), and others (2.0%). C16 Regarding the type of glaucoma, 93.5% of participants with glaucoma were diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma in a broad sense (81.0% with normal-tension glaucoma and 12.5% with primary open-angle glaucoma). Multivariate analysis showed that male sex, age, systemic comorbidities, and myopia were significant risk factors for open-angle glaucoma.

Many adults with ocular diseases were screened by ophthalmic checkups. The addition of simultaneous ophthalmic checkups to specific health checkups could be an effective measure for the prevention of visual impairment in the older population.

Many adults with ocular diseases were screened by ophthalmic checkups. The addition of simultaneous ophthalmic checkups to specific health checkups could be an effective measure for the prevention of visual impairment in the older population.

Danish health registers are used widely to examine associations between specific risk factors and congenital malformations. Various overall prevalence rates of malformations have been reported in Denmark indicating differences in the underlying data sources or malformation definitions. We described trends in registration of malformations in Denmark 1997-2017 and identified potential caveats for the use of Danish health registries in epidemiological studies. We composed a Danish adaptation of EUROCATs definition of malformations.

Using nationwide Danish health registries, we identified all recorded pregnancies and followed livebirths for up to 5 years. We described the different data sources, ways to identify malformations, the overall rate of malformations over time, and identified the 10 most common major malformations.

A total of 1,340,774 foetuses and infants from 1,313,281 pregnancies among 747,144 women from 1997 to 2017 were analysed. Using primary and secondary diagnoses from all available sources and restricting hip malformations to diagnoses after 6 weeks postpartum, we found that 65,411 (49/1000) foetuses or infants had at least one major malformation defined by our Danish translation of EUROCATs definition of malformations.