Portion control is a useful component of weight reduction interventions and meal replacement (MR) plans represent a promising strategy for portion control. Research performed with pooled data on the effect of MR plans according to various characteristics of MR interventions remains scarce.

Our aim was to assess the effects of MR-based diets compared with food-based diets on weight loss, according to calorie-restriction types and energy intake proportions from MR.

Electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, and Research Information Sharing Service) were searched for randomized controlled trials on weight loss results of MR-based calorie-restricted diets compared with food-based calorie-restricted diets from January 2000 to May 2020. Standardized mean differences (Hedges’ g) from all study outcomes were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was quantified by Q test and I

. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and a trim and fill meththe greatest effect on weight loss.

The effect of MR-based LED on weight loss was superior to the effect of food-based LED, and receiving ≥60% of total daily energy intake from MR had the greatest effect on weight loss.

Puerto Rican adults residing in the US mainland experience a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A diet containing healthy protein-rich sources may help control risk factors for MetS.

This study aimed to evaluate 2-year longitudinal associations between intake of various protein-rich foods and changes in the six MetS components.

This is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study using data from the baseline (2004-2007) and 2-year follow-up visits (2006-2011) in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.

Participants were self-identified Puerto Ricans, aged 45 to 75 years, residing in Boston, Massachusetts, or the surrounding area (n= 1,126).

MetS components were fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and waist circumference.

Baseline intake of foods reported in a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire were expressed as servings/day, and protein-rich foods were categorized as unprocessed white meat, unssed poultry was associated with decreases in waist circumference and triglycerides among US mainland Puerto Ricans. Other dietary protein sources were not related to cardiometabolic health.

Consuming less processed meat and more fish and seafood and unprocessed poultry was associated with decreases in waist circumference and triglycerides among US mainland Puerto Ricans. Other dietary protein sources were not related to cardiometabolic health.

Despite the promise of farm-to-institution interventions for addressing limited vegetable access as a barrier to intake, programs designed for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) are lacking. As such, little is known about the implementation of, and mechanisms of action through which, farm-to-WIC interventions affect vegetable intake and participant satisfaction with such programs.

To examine whether a farm-to-WIC intervention to promote vegetable intake was implemented as intended, differences between participants who received the intervention relative to those in a usual-care control group in intermediate outcomes of vegetable-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and secondary outcomes of physical activity and weight status; and participant satisfaction with the intervention.

A process evaluation encompassing descriptive and comparative analyses of implementation fidelity logs and survey data collected as part of a pilot study was conducted.

The ggest that other potential intervention mechanisms of action should be considered in future large-scale trials of this program. Broad-scale initiatives are needed to improve access to farmers’ markets in underserved communities.

Collection of disability status in electronic health records (EHRs) is critical to addressing the significant health care disparities experienced by patients with disabilities. Despite this, little evidence exists to inform implementation.

This pilot trial evaluated the implementation of collection of patients’ disability status during primary care new patient registration by centralized call center staff. The study took place over six weeks at an academic hospital system in Colorado. Staff received a 30-minute training on how to ask and document disability status in the EHR. Completion rate of collection, fidelity, and concordance were assessed through chart reviews and recordings of patient registration calls. Focus groups with staff and phone interviews with patients assessed the experience of including disability screeners in patient registration.

A total of 3,673 new patients were registered at one of the 53 primary care clinics during the study period. Completion of disability status in the EHR increased from 10% at baseline to > 50% by the last week of the trial, which was then maintained for eight weeks. Challenges were identified in the recorded calls with fidelity of if and how the questions were asked. No patient complaints were reported, and patients reported no concerns regarding collection of disability status during interviews.

Documenting disability status during patient registration was effective and was not concerning to patients. Captisol To make initial steps to providing equitable care, efforts should be made to implement this type of screening universally across the clinical encounter.

Documenting disability status during patient registration was effective and was not concerning to patients. To make initial steps to providing equitable care, efforts should be made to implement this type of screening universally across the clinical encounter.

Dumping syndrome (DS) and postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) are frequent complications of bariatric surgery. Previously known as “early and late dumping,” these complications have been separated due to differences in their onset and behaviors.

To investigate a potentially common etiology of DS and PBH using an analysis of a mixed meal test (MMT) study.

A large teaching hospital in the Netherlands.

From all patients who underwent bariatric surgery in 2008-2011, a random selection completed an MMT (n = 47). Patients scored complaints related to DS and PBH with a standardized questionnaire at several time intervals. The groups were divided into patients with (DS+; n = 22) and without (DS-; n = 25) an increase in DS symptoms after the start of the MMT. Glucose and gut hormone levels were compared. Hypoglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level below 3.3 mmol/L.

The DS+ group had lower blood glucose values compared to the DS- group, which reached significance at 90 and 120 minutes (P < .05). For the DS+ group, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and satiety were higher at various time intervals (P < .