At fixation distances more posterior to the limbus, mean ΔSEQ was more hyperopic at 3 months, 1-year, and the last follow-up (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, and P = 0.006, respectively).

Refractive outcomes for sutureless intrascleral fixation of intraocular lens with pars plana vitrectomy were favorable and showed stability postoperatively. These results may aid surgeons achieve better desired refractive outcomes for this technique.

Refractive outcomes for sutureless intrascleral fixation of intraocular lens with pars plana vitrectomy were favorable and showed stability postoperatively. These results may aid surgeons achieve better desired refractive outcomes for this technique.

The performance of resistance exercise has evidenced to induce abrupt intraocular pressure (IOP) changes, which has been linked to the onset and progression of glaucoma. We found that four different isometric resistance exercises lead to an instantaneous and progressive IOP elevation, with these changes being independent of the type of exercise.

The impact of physical exercise on IOP has demonstrated to be dependent on exercise type and intesity, as well as individuals’ characteristics. In this study, we aimed to explore the influence of the load, exercise type, and participant’s sex on the IOP behavior during a 2-minute isometric effort.

Twenty-eight physically active collegiate students performed 2 minutes of isometric exercise in the military press, biceps curl, leg extension, and calf raise exercises against two different loads (high load and low load). Intraocular pressure was measured by rebound tonometry before, during (semicontinuos assessment [24 measurements]), and after 10 seconds of recoverytype and participant’s sex. After exercise, IOP rapidly retuned to baseline levels (within 10 seconds). The inclusion of glaucoma patients in future studies is guarranteed.

We show that the amplitude of accommodation decreases with retinal illumination even under photopic reading conditions and a constant pupil size. This result provides a basis for clinical approaches that are not based on an optical explanation.

We investigated the effect of retinal illuminance on the amplitude of accommodation while the pupil of the eye remained constant.

The amplitudes of accommodation of 10 young subjects (from 20 to 38 years of age) and that of 10 presbyopic subjects (from 45 to 54 years of age) were measured subjectively through an artificial pupil of 5 mm using a Badal optometer and for four values of retinal illuminance 222, 821, 2138, and 5074 trolands. Phenylephrine was instilled to all the subjects to ensure that their natural pupil was greater than the artificial one in all experimental runs. Linear mixed-effects model for repeated measures with age and log luminance as covariates were used to check whether changes in amplitude of accommodation with retinal illumination were statistically significant.

In the range of illuminances tested, the amplitude of accommodation decreased on average from 6.34 to 4.35 D in the young subjects and from 1.69 to 1.04 D in the presbyopic subjects. Illuminance was associated with the amplitude of accommodation in both young and presbyopic groups, with P < .01.

The reduction in the amplitude of accommodation with target illumination (a phenomenon named night presbyopia) under photopic light conditions is not only due to a reduction in the depth of focus as a consequence of pupil dilation; it is strongly affected by the decrease of retinal illumination.

The reduction in the amplitude of accommodation with target illumination (a phenomenon named night presbyopia) under photopic light conditions is not only due to a reduction in the depth of focus as a consequence of pupil dilation; it is strongly affected by the decrease of retinal illumination.

The prevalence of myopia and use of electronic displays by children has grown rapidly in recent years. We found that children viewing electronic displays, however, experience hyperopic defocus levels similar to those previously reported for other stimuli.

This study aimed to compare accommodative behavior of nonmyopic and myopic children viewing a computer screen or mobile phone.

Accommodative behavior was examined in 11 nonmyopic and 8 myopic children (11.32 ± 2.90 and 14.13 ± 2.30 years, respectively; P = .04; refractions, +0.51 ± 0.51 and -2.54 ± 1.29, respectively) using an open-field autorefractor (Grand Seiko) at target vergences from -0.25 to -5.00 D. Different size (scaled or nonscaled) and type (text or movie) stimuli were presented on an LCD monitor (distant) or an iPhone (near), with subjects viewing monocularly or binocularly in an illuminated or dark room.

At the typical reading distances (20 and 33 cm), all 19 children exhibited some amount of accommodative lag. Stimulus type had little ounts of hyperopic defocus are present in children binocularly viewing handheld electronic devices (nonmyopes slightly more than myopes). Modern electronic devices do not expose children to unusually high levels of hyperopic defocus.

We validated a novel paradigm to measure aniseikonia across the visual field and used a mathematical approach that is able to describe the magnitude and shape of aniseikonia in a concise, clinically meaningful fashion.

The measurement of aniseikonia has been performed clinically for more than half a century; however, amalgamation of field-wide local variations in binocular spatial localization into clinically applicable global metrics has yet to be attempted. Gusacitinib in vitro Thus, the goal of the current study was twofold first, to measure field-wide aniseikonia and second, to compare how local and global metrics each capture optically induced aniseikonia.

Twelve visually normal observers performed a dichoptic localization task at 24 locations in the visual field. This was done in four conditions (A) while wearing red-green filters, (B) while wearing green-red filters, (C) while wearing a monocular 5% overall size lens, and (D) while wearing a monocular 6% meridional size lens. The physical settings at perceptual equal paradigm are needed before clinical implementation can proceed.