A two-dimensional cytometry platform (CytoLM) with high sensitivity and high temporal resolution is developed for single-particle and single-cell sampling and analysis. First, a Dean flow-assisted vortex capillary cell sampling (VCCS) unit confines the sample stream in curved flow and drives to focus and align the particles or cells in a small probe volume. By coupling VCCS to a laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detector with data acquisition and processing capability, a high-throughput single-particle/cell analysis system (VCCS-LIF) was established. The particle analysis throughput of 119.42/s and a detection recovery of 78.20 ± 1.75% were achieved at a density of 9.16 × 104/mL for fluorescent particles, and the cell analysis throughput is 48.20/s at a density of 1.5 × 105/mL. Second, the CytoLM platform is constructed by hyphenating VCCS-LIF with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the analysis of HepG2 cells by Ag+ incubation and AO staining, 10,760 fluorescence bursts and 3068 MS events were observed in 240 s. Invalid signals due to undispersed cells were controlled at 3.80% for LIF and 1.01% for MS, with a proportion of effective signal of >96.20%. After peak identification and integral processing of the original data, the statistical results including peak area, height, width, and spacing are obtained concurrently and the information on concentration and elemental quantification of single cells is evaluated. CytoLM facilitates high-throughput, multi-dimensional, and multi-parameter characterization of particles and cells, and it may provide vast potential in life science analysis.The separation of racemic compounds by chiral nanochannels has attracted extensive attention. However, the fabrication of high-performance chiral nanochannels is still a challenge owing to the difficulty in magnifying the weak chiral interaction to macroscopic properties of materials. Herein, by introducing a l-alanine-pillar[5]arene host to achiral ordered mesoporous silica (OMS), chiral OMS nanochannels were fabricated, which exhibited excellent selectivity (ee value up to 90.2%) to separate racemic drugs with promising reusability and stability. Besides, it was identified that enantioselective separation took place through a molecular-recognition-adsorbed transport mechanism. This work highlights the great potential of chiral OMS nanochannels as a platform for enantioselective separation.Polyimides are widely utilized engineering polymers due to their excellent balance of mechanical, dielectric, and thermal properties. However, the manufacturing of polyimides into complex multifunctional designs can be hindered by dimensional shrinkage of the polymer upon imidization and post processing methods and inability to tailor electronic or mechanical properties. In this work, we developed methods to three-dimensional (3D) direct ink write polyimide closed-cell stochastic foams with tunable densities. These polyimide structures preserve the geometrical fidelity of 3D design with a linear shrinkage value of less then 10% and displayed microscale porosity ranging from 25 to 35%. This unique balance of morphology and direct-write compatibility was enabled by polymer phase inversion behavior without the need of conventional post-print cross-linking, imidization, or pore-inducing freeze processing. The manufacturability, thermal stability, and dielectric properties of the 3D polyimide stochastic foams reported here serve as enablers for the exploration of hierarchical, lightweight, high-temperature, high-power electronics.Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), whose full power was not realized until the advent of powerful detectors in 2012, has a unique position as a method of structure determination as it is capable of providing information about not only the structure but also the dynamical features of biomolecules. This information is of special importance in understanding virus-host interaction and explains the crucial role of cryo-EM in the efforts to find vaccinations and cures for pandemics the world has experienced in the past decade.DNA nanotechnology is leading the field of in vitro molecular-scale device engineering, accumulating to a dazzling array of applications. However, while DNA nanostructures’ function is robust under in vitro settings, their implementation in real-world conditions requires overcoming their rapid degradation and subsequent loss of function. Viruses are sophisticated supramolecular assemblies, able to protect their nucleic acid content in inhospitable biological environments. Inspired by this natural ability, we engineered in vitro and in vivo technologies, enabling the encapsulation and protection of functional DNA nanostructures inside MS2 bacteriophage virus-like particles (VLPs). We demonstrate the ssDNA-VLPs nanocomposites’ (NCs) abilities to encapsulate single-stranded-DNA (ssDNA) in a variety of sizes (200-1500 nucleotides (nt)), sequences, and structures while retaining their functionality. Moreover, by exposing these NCs to hostile biological conditions, such as human blood serum, we exhibit that the VLPs serve as an excellent protective shell. These engineered NCs pose critical properties that are yet unattainable by current fabrication methods.Electron microscopy (EM) of materials undergoing chemical reactions provides knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. However, the mechanisms are often complex and cannot be fully resolved using a single method. Here, we present a distributed electron microscopy method for studying complex reactions. The method combines information from multiple stages of the reaction and from multiple EM methods, including liquid phase EM (LP-EM), cryogenic EM (cryo-EM), and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We demonstrate this method by studying the desilication mechanism of zeolite crystals. Collectively, our data reveal that the reaction proceeds via a two-step anisotropic etching process and that the defects in curved surfaces and between the subunits in the crystal control the desilication kinetics by directing mass transport.Experimental studies have indicated that electrophilic mercury forms (e.g., methylmercury, MeHg+) can accelerate the breakage of selenocysteine in vitro. Particularly, in 2009, Khan et al. (Environ. Toxicol. Chem. RP-6685 manufacturer 2009, 28, 1567-1577) proposed a mechanism for the degradation of a free methylmercury selenocysteinate complex that was theoretically supported by Asaduzzaman et al. (Inorg. Chem. 2010, 50, 2366-2372). However, little is known about the fate of methylmercury selenocysteinate complexes embedded in an enzyme, especially in conditions of oxidative stress in which methylmercury target enzymes operate. Here, an accurate computational study on molecular models (level of theory COSMO-ZORA-BLYP-D3(BJ)/TZ2P) was carried out to investigate the formation of dehydroalanine (Dha) in selenoenzymes, which irreversibly impairs their function. Methylselenocysteine as well as methylcysteine and methyltellurocysteine were included to gain insight on the peculiar behavior of selenium. Dha forms in a two-step process, i.