Various types of health professional volunteers from high-income nations are increasingly engaged in short-term global health projects in low- and middle-income countries. The goal of global health projects is to improve health for all people and address health inequities. Short-term projects lasting days to months can create challenges for volunteers and hosts. Despite attempting to do good, volunteer efforts may unwittingly cause harm to host organizations by planning projects without consideration for the local infrastructure, the community, and the health care staff. Although well-intentioned and often beneficial, volunteer efforts can fail to provide adequate follow-up or may disrupt or override local health efforts. In some low-resource settings, dire health needs and lack of supervision may result in volunteers practicing beyond their professional scope. Recently published guidelines, competencies, and position statements have addressed ethical behaviors for short-term global health experiences. Partnerships that are founded on principles of justice and autonomy provide an avenue for mutual collaboration. Short-term global health projects that focus on host needs are likely to strengthen local capacity to improve health outcomes. This article reviews guidelines for short-term global health experiences and addresses the ethical principles for planning effective projects.RPL13-related disorder is a newly described skeletal dysplasia characterized as a form of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with normal birth length, early postnatal growth deficiency, severe short stature, and genu varum. We present a 9-year-old male with a history of lower leg pain and concern for an unspecified form of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED). Exome sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous RPL13 c.477+1G>A (IVS4+1G>A) pathogenic variant. This is the first identified case of an individual with an RPL13-related skeletal dysplasia, normal height, and radiographs consistent with a form of MED and Legg-Calve-Perthes-like disease. This case expands the phenotype of RPL13-related disorders.

Increasing attention has been given to postoperative gastrointestinal functional outcome and quality of life after sigmoid resection for diverticulitis. Conversely, very little has been described about postoperative urogenital functional outcome and even less about its potential relationship to the type of vascular approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether central ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) compared with peripheral dissection could impair urinary and sexual function in the long term.

Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic sigmoid resection for diverticulitis from 2004 to 2017 were retrospectively analysed. They were asked to complete the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI) questionnaire. AZD1208 Men received the five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire. Patients were then divided according to the type of vascular resection.

A response rate of the 36.4% to the AUASI and 43.8% to the IIEF-5 questionnaires was achieved. Three hundred and twenty four patients with a mean age of 62±9.85years were analysed for their urinary function (IMA preserved n=217; IMA resected n=107) in a median follow-up of 87months. Furthermore, 115 men with a mean age of 60±8.97years were investigated for their sexual function (IMA preserved n=80; IMA resected n=35) in a median follow-up of 89months. No difference (AUASI 8±6.32 IMA preserved vs. 7±6.26 IMA resected, P=0.204; IIEF-5 15±7.67 IMA preserved vs. 15±8.61 IMA resected, P=0.674) was found regarding the type of vascular approach during sigmoid resection.

No association was found between the type of vascular approach and the long-term urogenital functional outcome in patients undergoing sigmoid resection for diverticulitis.

No association was found between the type of vascular approach and the long-term urogenital functional outcome in patients undergoing sigmoid resection for diverticulitis.

Surgical site, soft tissue and wound infections are some of the most prominent causes of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). Developing novel antimicrobial textiles and wound dressings may help alleviate the risk of developing HCAIs. We aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of natural Ugandan bark cloth derived exclusively from the Ficus natalensis tree.

Antimicrobial contact and disc diffusion assays, coupled with time-kill kinetic assays, demonstrated that bark cloth inhibited the growth of a clinically relevant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain and acted as a bactericidal agent causing a seven-log reduction in bacterial viability. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal morphological changes in the bacterial cell ultrastructure when exposed to bark cloth, which supported a proposed mechanism of antimicrobial activity.

The observed antimicrobial properties, combined with the physical characteristics elicited by bark cloth, suggest this product is ideally suited for wound and other skin care applications.

This is the first report where a whole bark cloth product made by traditional methods has been employed as an antimicrobial fabric against MRSA. Bark cloth is a highly sustainable and renewable product and this study presents a major advance in the search for natural fabrics which could be deployed for healthcare applications.

This is the first report where a whole bark cloth product made by traditional methods has been employed as an antimicrobial fabric against MRSA. Bark cloth is a highly sustainable and renewable product and this study presents a major advance in the search for natural fabrics which could be deployed for healthcare applications.Activating lattice oxygen linked to active sites at surface remains a fundamental challenge in many catalytic reactions. Here we create well-defined surface by directly growing porous CeO2 single crystals at 2 cm scale and confining Pt in lattice to construct isolated Pt1 /CeO2 sites at a continuously twisted surface in a monolith. We demonstrate significantly enhanced activation of lattice oxygen linked to Pt ions in contrast to Ce ions in local structures. We show complete CO oxidation with air at 67 °C without degradation being observed after operation of 300 hours. The isolated Pt1 /CeO2 sites at twisted surfaces not only contribute to the chemisorption of CO but also effectively activate the lattice oxygen linked to Pt ion for CO oxidation. The current work would open a new route to activate lattice oxygen by incorporating well-defined active structures confined at the surfaces.