, but the number of motion states may significantly alter some quantitative parameters. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.Upgrading the productivity of nanoparticles (NPs), generated by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL), still remains challenging. Here a novel variant of PLAL was developed, where a doubled frequency NdYAG laser beam (532 nm, ~ 5 ns, 10 Hz) at different fluences and for different times was directed into a sealed vessel, toward the interface of the meniscus of ethanol with a tilted bulk metal target. Palladium, copper and silver NPs, synthesized in the performed proof of concept experiments, were mass quantified, by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and characterized by ultraviolet-visible extinction spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The NPs consist of crystalline metals of a few nm size and their ablation rates and agglomeration levels depend on the employed laser fluences. The ensuing laser power-specific productivity curves for each metal, peaked at specific laser fluences, were fitted to the results of a simple model accounting for plasma absorption and heat transfer. The resulting peaked yields and concentrations were more than an order of magnitude higher than those obtained for totally immersed targets. Besides, the measured productivities showed nearly linear dependencies during time intervals up to 30 min of ablation, but became saturated at 1 h, due to accumulation of a significant number of NPs along the laser beam path, reducing the laser intensity reaching the target. The suggested approach that led to enhanced productivities and to generation of high concentrations of NPs in a single vessel could inspire future studies that will contribute to further developments of efficient generation of NPs with controlled characteristics. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.The eye may act as a surrogate for the brain in response to head acceleration during an impact. This paper reports the latest demonstration of the correlation between the passive human eye accelerations and the brain accelerations under head impacts using a model eye/brain/skull phantom. selleck chemicals Experiments investigating rotational and linear accelerations were performed on the 3D-printed human head phantom, along with rotational experiments on a human volunteer. Acquired data were processed and analysed using statistical methods including one-way normal analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear regression fit, and Pearson R correlation. The results indicate a potential use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) inertial measurement units (IMUs) in real-time on-field monitoring and diagnosis of concussions or traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.Fluorochromic materials that change their emission properties in response to their environment are of interests for the development of sensors, optical data storage and light-emitting materials. A thermally fluorochromic elastic polymer film that exhibits remarkable fluorochromism (from red to yellow) and enhancement of fluorescence intensity after thermal treatment (> 120 oC) is designed by the incorporation of silver nanoclusters. The thermal treatment also leads to significant increase of quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime. It is found that the thermo-induced etching on larger silver nanoclusters generates smaller silver nanoclusters. This simple and efficient size-tuning process in solid state is responsible for the thermo-fluorochromism and enhancement of fluorescence emission from silver nanoclusters. Such thermo-fluorochromic polymer material is finally demonstrated to be useful for thermo-printing. This material illustrates a new way to make smart optical materials, particularly for potential applications in optical data storage and soft OLED display. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Nanomaterials are subjects of extensive investigations due to their applications in medicine, multimodal imaging, volumetric displays, and photonics. Here, lanthanide-doped bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been reported. The nanoparticles have been synthesized by microwave hydrothermal method. As-synthesized nanoparticles are highly crystalline in the tetragonal zircon phase with particles about 200 nm in size. Under 980 nm excitation, intense multicolor visible and near-infrared upconversion emissions are observed. Moreover, broadband infrared downshifting emissions are also observed. Time-resolved emission measurements have been carried out to investigate the involved upconversion and energy transfer mechanism. The BiVO4-based UCNPs may provide a new class of nanomaterials for multifunctional applications. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Nanowires are widely considered to be key elements in future disruptive electronics and photonics. This paper presents the first detailed study of transport mechanisms in single-crystalline InAs nanowires synthesized by a cheap solvothermal wet chemical method. From detailed analyses of temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics, it was observed that contacted nanowires operate in a linear transport regime at biases below a critical cross-over voltage. For larger biases, the transport changes to space-charge-limited conduction assisted by traps. The characteristic parameters such as free electron concentration, trap concentration and energy distribution, and electron mobility were all calculated. It was demonstrated that the nanowires have key electrical properties comparable to those of InAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Our results might pave the way for cheap disruptive low-dimensional electronics such as resistive switching devices. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Fabrication technique determines the physicochemical and biological properties of scaffold, including porosity, mechanical strength, osteoconductivity, and bone regenerative potential. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)-based scaffolds are superior in bone tissue engineering due to their suitable physicochemical and biological properties. We developed an indirect selective laser sintering (SLS) printing strategy to fabricate 3D microporous BCP scaffolds for bone tissue engineering purposes. The green part of BCP scaffold was fabricated by SLS at relevantly low temperature in the presence of epoxy resin (EP) and the remaining EP was decomposed, and eliminated by a subsequent sintering process to obtain the microporous BCP scaffolds. Physicochemical properties, cell adhesion, biocompatibility, in vitro osteogenic potential and rabbit critical size cranial bone defect healing potential of the scaffolds were extensively evaluated. This indirect SLS printing eliminated the drawbacks of conventional direct SLS printing at high working temperatures, i.