These findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acid intake may be an important modifiable risk factor for MS. This is consistent with the other known health benefits of fish consumption and complementary genetic studies supporting a key role for omega-3 regulation.

These findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acid intake may be an important modifiable risk factor for MS. This is consistent with the other known health benefits of fish consumption and complementary genetic studies supporting a key role for omega-3 regulation.

More work is needed to understand the burden of comorbidities in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

To assess prevalence of 30 comorbidities and impacts of comorbidities on employment outcomes in a working-aged MS cohort.

Participants were from the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (

 = 929). Information on specific comorbidity was obtained (whether or not each was present, doctor-diagnosed, limited their activities and being treated).

Comorbidities most frequently reported to limit activities were osteoarthritis (51%), migraines (40%), anxiety (33%), depression (29%) and allergies (18%). Mean MS-related work productivity loss in past 4 weeks was 1.3 days for those without comorbidities and 2.5 days for those with any comorbidity. The annual population costs of work productivity loss were highest for people with depression, allergies, anxiety, migraines and osteoarthritis. Higher number of comorbidities was associated with more work productivity loss and a higher likelihood of not working. These associations were substantially reduced after adjustment for MS symptom severity.

Comorbidities substantially impact employment outcomes and these effects were mainly mediated through MS symptom severity. This suggests that optimal and simultaneous management of comorbidities may be a viable strategy to reduce MS symptom severity, which in turn could improve employment outcomes.

Comorbidities substantially impact employment outcomes and these effects were mainly mediated through MS symptom severity. This suggests that optimal and simultaneous management of comorbidities may be a viable strategy to reduce MS symptom severity, which in turn could improve employment outcomes.Graphic cigarette warnings increase quit attempts. Perceived message effectiveness and message avoidance are predictive of later quit attempts. We sought to examine whether randomized exposure to warning messages would inadvertently increase intentions to use alternate tobacco products while enhancing attempts to quit cigarettes. An online survey of 1392 adult smokers in the US asked participants to rate six randomly selected tobacco warnings (from a set of 319) on perceived effectiveness and avoidance intentions. These two indicators of message effectiveness were calculated at the message-level and then at the individual campaign-level to facilitate causal inference. After viewing a message campaign of six warning messages, participants indicated their intentions to use alternate tobacco products. Sixty-eight percent of participants reported some intention to use e-cigarettes and intentions to use other alternate tobacco products ranged from 31% to 40%. Campaigns of messages eliciting higher avoidance increased the odds of intending to use hookah (aOR 4.32), smokeless tobacco (aOR 4.88), and snus (aOR 8.06), but not the intention to use electronic cigarettes. These relationships are mediated by intentions to quit smoking (all p less then .05). Viewing campaigns with higher campaign-level perceived effectiveness increased the intentions to quit, which in turn increased intentions to try alternate tobacco products. Our findings increase the tobacco control community’s understanding of unintended consequences of graphic tobacco warnings.

To understand the association between driver gene variations and age and gender in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, we investigated mutations of the three most important driver genes-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion genes and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1)-in this retrospective cohort study.

Patients newly diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma who received EGFR and ALK/ROS1 gene tests at our hospital from September 2014 to May 2019 were enrolled. EGFR mutations and ROS1 fusions were examined by ARMS-PCR and ALK fusions by Ventana-D5F3 IHC assay and ARMS-PCR.

Of 2544 eligible subjects, 2539 accomplished EGFR mutation tests. The prevalence of EGFR mutations was 62.1% in females, higher than that of 45.1% in males. In females, the EGFR mutation rate remained relatively stable at 60%-65% across the six age groups. Females showed an increased distribution of EGFR L858R and a decreased distribution of exon 19 deletion (19Del) by age. Selleck Seclidemstat The incidence of ALK/ROS-1 rearrangements decreased significantly with age.

EGFR 19Del mutation is more prevalent in younger males and females, while L858R mutation is prevalent in older females. Both ALK and ROS1 rearrangements are more common in younger lung adenocarcinoma. The young lung adenocarcinoma population is a distinct group rich in targetable genomic alterations, and more research is needed to understand the mechanism.

EGFR 19Del mutation is more prevalent in younger males and females, while L858R mutation is prevalent in older females. Both ALK and ROS1 rearrangements are more common in younger lung adenocarcinoma. The young lung adenocarcinoma population is a distinct group rich in targetable genomic alterations, and more research is needed to understand the mechanism.COVID-19 supportive quarantine care in the community is managed by primary care practices. There is no current guidance on how a primary care practice with high volumes of patients screened for COVID-19 can re-configure itself to become responsive to the pandemic. We examined Learning Health System guidance from the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine and adapted it to our primary care practice to create an efficient, effective, adaptive response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest evaluating this response in the future for effectiveness and efficiency.