INTRODUCTION With the emergence in recent years of advanced surgical methods for treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the tibia bone, there appears to be a decline in the familiarity and use of the conservative treatment based on weight bearing casts and early weight bearing. This phenomenon, dubbed “the surgery epidemic” by Dr. Sarmiento, one of the forefathers of tibial fractures treatment, refers to orthopedics surgeons’ tendency to treat surgically, even in patients viable for conservative treatment. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined all the patients with diaphyseal tibial fracture who were treated at the Orthopedic ward at “Rambam” Hospital in the study period (2012-2016), in order to evaluate the results of the conservative functional treatment, to identify the different stages of said treatment, and to create a clear and accessible protocol for treating physicians. In addition, we sought to examine whether there is a preference for surgical treatment among physicians, even in cases where fracture cne fracture, could have been treated conservatively but instead were treated surgically with internal fixation in accordance to their surgeon’s preference. DISCUSSION In this study we observed a clear preference for surgical treatment in tibial bone fractures, even in cases where the fracture position met the accepted criteria for conservative treatment. We found that the conservative functional treatment, as practiced in our hospital, adheres to the highest standard of care. Taking into account surgery and anesthesia complications, and its added cost to the health care system, we believe it is appropriate to increase awareness among physicians to the possibility and benefits of conservative functional treatment that allows for early weight bearing and patient activity.Tumor recurrence following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment in liver cancer is an important factor affecting patient prognosis. Furthermore, the biological role of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in residual hepatoblastoma (HB) tissues after RFA remains largely unknown. By using microarray technology, this study investigated the expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs among four pairs of HB tissues (incomplete ablation treatment and no treatment) in a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis was used to understand the functions and pathways of the identified mRNAs. Finally, a connectivity map (CMap) analysis was conducted to identify potential therapeutic strategies for residual HB tissues. Compared with the untreated nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model, in the experimental group, a significant difference in the expression of 740 lncRNAs and 663 mRNAs was detected. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with antigen processing, the presentation of endogenous antigens, the regulation of cellular metabolic processes, MAPK signaling and cell cycle regulation. Additionally, six compounds (valproic acid, metformin, tanespimycin, wortmannin, fulvestrant and MK‑886) were identified by CMap analysis as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of residual HB tissues. These findings provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of residual HB and potential therapeutic strategies for aggressive tumor recurrence following RFA treatment in patients with HB.Krüppel‑like family (KLF) members are important regulators of proinflammatory activation in the vasculature. A transcriptome study involving RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to investigate Klf15 and Klf15‑regulated gene levels in C57BL/6 mice with inferior vena cava thrombi and in control (Blank) mice. A total of 2,206 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1,330 upregulated and 876 downregulated genes, were identified between the deep venous thrombosis (DVT) group and the Blank group. Additionally, 1,041 DEGs (235 upregulated and 806 downregulated) were identified between the Klf15‑small interfering RNA (siRNA) and Klf15‑negative control (NC) groups. The DEGs were subjected to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses, and qPCR was conducted to validate the results. A total of seven significant DEGs were selected from the RNA‑seq results. Matrix metalloproteinases (Mmp)12, Mmp13, Mmp19, Arg1, Ccl2, heme oxygenase‑1 and Fmo3 levels were significantly higher, while Klf15 levels were lower, in the DVT group than in the Blank group. Fmo3 and Mmp19 have not been previously identified as DVT‑associated DEGs. Klf15, Mmp12 and Mmp13 levels were compared between the Klf15‑siRNA and Klf15‑NC groups. Mmp12 and Mmp13 expression was significantly higher, while that of Klf15 was lower, in the Klf15‑siRNA group than in the Klf15‑NC group. Critical roles of Klf15, Mmp12 and Mmp13 have been identified, which have not previously been shown to help regulate DVT initiation and progression. Moreover, Klf15‑mediated regulation of DVT may be modulated by downregulation of various genes, such as Mmp12 and Mmp13, potentially providing a theoretical foundation and diagnostic criteria for DVT treatment.Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the major leading causes of hearing impairment, and is typically characterized by the degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). In previous studies by the authors, it was demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA or miR)‑204‑5p decreased the viability of SGNs by inhibiting the expression of transmembrane protease, serine 3 (TMPRSS3), which was closely associated with the development of SGNs. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism of miR‑204‑5p was not fully elucidated. The present study found that an important upstream regulatory factor of miR‑204‑5p, long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) EBLN3P, was expressed at low levels in impaired SGNs, whereas it was expressed at high levels in normal SGNs. Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that lncRNA EBLN3P functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) when regulating miR‑204‑5p in normal SGNs. this website In addition, lncRNA EBLN3P regulated TMPRSS3 expression via the regulation of miR‑204‑5p in normal SGNs. In vitro functional analysis revealed that lncRNA EBLN3P promoted the recovery of the viability of normal SGNs and inhibited the apoptosis of normal SGNs.