Despite the advent of novel therapies which manage and control diabetes well, the increased risk of morbidity and mortality in diabetic subjects is associated with the devastating secondary complications it produces. Long-standing diabetes majorly drives the cellular and molecular alterations which eventually damage both small and large blood vessels. learn more The complications are prevalent both in type I and type II diabetic subjects. The microvascular complications include diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, while the macrovascular complications include diabetic heart disease and stroke. The current therapeutic strategy alleviates the complications to some extent but do not cure or prevent them perse, also the recent clinical trial outcomes in this field is disappointing. Success in the drug discovery of diabetic complications may be achieved by a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and in recognising the crucial factors contributing to the development and progression of the disease. In this review, we discuss the well-studied cellular mechanisms leading to the development and progression of diabetic complications. In addition, we also highlight the various therapeutic paradigms currently in clinical practice.

Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as “Kalmegh”, is an annual herbaceous plant from family Acanthaceae. The whole plant of A. paniculata has explored for multiple pharmacological activities and is scientifically recognized by in-vivo and in-vitro studies. Various biotechnologically engineered techniques have been explored to enhance the bioavailability of this plant.

In this review, we aim to present comprehensive recent advances in the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, specific pharmacology, safety and toxicology and bioavailability of A. paniculata and its pure compounds. Possible directions for future research are also outlined in brief, which will encourage advance investigations on this plant.

Information on the recent updates of the present review is collected from different electronic scientific databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. All the composed information is classified into different sections according to the objective of the paper.

More than hundred l description of the subjected plant, phytochemical profile, various pharmacological activities, and recent approaches to enhance the bioavailability of active metabolites.

This review incorporated the scientifically validated research work encompassing the ethnobotanical description of the subjected plant, phytochemical profile, various pharmacological activities, and recent approaches to enhance the bioavailability of active metabolites.Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and the liver is the first target, which restricts the use of medications. PDA is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancer in the world, with extremely short survival time, depending on the stage of diagnosis. In non-surgical cases, chemotherapy alternatives are only effective in 40% to 60% of patients. The low efficiency of treatments occurs mainly due to the complex microenvironment in PDA leading to chemoresistance to treatments and makes it difficult to access the drug. A very important histological characteristic of PDA is the extremely dense stroma, which leads to low vascularization of tumor tissue. Consequently, stroma environment causes less drug accumulation in tumor cells, even selective and/or targeted drugs. Overcoming the stroma’s microenvironment is a major challenge for effective therapies that manage to get through this difficult access. Moreover, specific genes lead to direct chemoresistance of PDA, due to their high progression. In this scenario, nanotechnology appears as an alternative to overcome these clinical challenges that must be overcome concern two distinct ways the stroma and the tumor properly. Thus, this review aimed to bring advances in the application of nanotechnology aiming to open up new landscapes against PDA. There are a huge number of nanoparticles carrying drugs in preclinical and clinical trials for the effective treatment of PDA. These works were discussed and it was proposed, based on the current scenario, the future prospects for an efficient treatment of PDA.Sustainable crop improvement can help to feed the exploding human population in an era of shrinking cultivable lands and dwindling water resources. In this scenario, crop improvement using OMICS technologies may help to ensure food security and alleviate the rural poverty in poor countries. Additionally, the improved crops may help to cope with the problem of malnutrition in the different parts of the world, especially Africa. OMICS technologies are based on the knowledge gained through genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, interactomics and phenomics. This expert review article congregates recent knowledge of the emerging OMICS technologies and evaluates how their integrated application is improving important crops and the potential of these technologies in bringing a revolution in agriculture. Moreover, we have provided an analysis of various technical challenges and difficulties arising during application of OMICS technologies to crop plants which pose major restrictions to the implementation of these strategies.

Mutual-aid groups are a central part of many individuals’ recovery journeys from substance addiction, and this research aimed to identify the key ingredients of a diverse range of recovery groups.

Individuals from 30 different substance addiction recovery groups across the UK (

 = 151, 66% male,

age = 42.5 years) completed a survey, which asked participants to provide a narrative about their recovery group experiences. Participants were also asked to rate the extent to which theorized ingredients of addiction recovery groups were offered by their group, and how important each was to them. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed.

The results indicated that the recovery group components suggested in previous literature were both present and rated as important. Component ratings did not differ depending on the type of group, the length of time the person had been in recovery, nor the length of time they had been involved in the group. The qualitative results identified other important components of recovery groups that had not been identified in the previous literature

and

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