Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with 2% to 3% prevalence worldwide and a heavy social-psychological burden for patients and their families. As the exact pathogenesis of psoriasis is still unknown, the current treatment is far from satisfactory. Thus, there is an urgent need to find a more effective therapy for this disease. Keratin 17 (K17), a type I intermediate filament, is overexpressed in the psoriatic epidermis and plays a critical pathogenic role by stimulating T cells in psoriasis. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibiting K17 may be a potential therapeutic approach for psoriasis. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of K17-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) on mice with imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis.

Eight-week-old female BALB/c mice were administered a 5% IMQ cream on both ears to produce psoriatic dermatitis. On day 3, K17 siRNA was mixed with an emulsion matrix and applied topically to the left ears of the mice after IMQ applicaasis.

Given the current national conundrum of decreasing microsurgery case volume performed by hand surgery fellows despite interest, program directors were surveyed to evaluate opinions of exposure gaps in training and to determine the current state of microsurgery training in 2020.

Anonymous national surveys were distributed to hand surgery fellowship program directors by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Subgroups were compared by training location and size of the fellowship program. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education public national data on graduate case log procedures by hand surgery fellows were reviewed.

Eighty-eight surveys were distributed by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand to hand surgery fellowship program directors with a 44% (n = 39) response rate. Hand surgery fellowship programs from 19 US states participated. Most program’s fellows had previous orthopedic surgery residency training with 41.03% of programs surveyed having 100% orthopedic surgery-traine procedures performed by orthopedic hand surgery fellows until 2014, with a decline in cases per year and stagnating trend at 7% thereafter.

In 2020, most hand surgery fellowship program directors highly value and prioritize microsurgery exposure for their hand surgery fellows’ education despite the decrease in case volume for hand surgery fellows.

In 2020, most hand surgery fellowship program directors highly value and prioritize microsurgery exposure for their hand surgery fellows’ education despite the decrease in case volume for hand surgery fellows.

To investigate the anatomical structure characteristics of the frontal process of the maxilla in the medial wall of the lacrimal drainage system for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy based on the cone-beam computed tomography images.

One hundred eight sides of orbits were retrospectively evaluated in this study. The angulation and thickness of the frontal process of the maxilla in the medial wall of the lacrimal drainage system were measured and compared at 2 different levels lacrimal sac level and nasolacrimal duct level. The vertical height between the 2 measurement levels was also measured. Data were compared between males and females.

The average angulation and thickness of the frontal process of the maxilla were found significantly larger at the lacrimal sac level than at the nasolacrimal duct level (83.1 ± 11.3° vs. 61.7 ± 10.9° and 2.7 ± 0.9 mm vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 mm) (p < 0.001). selleck chemicals llc The vertical height between the 2 levels was significantly higher in males than in females (8.6 ± 1.8 mm vs. 7.8 ± 1.7 mm) (p = 0.015).

We found the angulation and thickness of the frontal process of the maxilla in the medial wall of the lacrimal drainage system decreased from the upper to the lower level. Starting the osteotomy during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy might be easier and safer at the midpoint level of the maxillary line.

We found the angulation and thickness of the frontal process of the maxilla in the medial wall of the lacrimal drainage system decreased from the upper to the lower level. Starting the osteotomy during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy might be easier and safer at the midpoint level of the maxillary line.

Proper statistical analysis is an essential element in the evaluation of clinical trial outcomes. We had the informal observation that double-organ bias was a neglected issue during the statistical analyses of clinical trials on eyelid ptosis. The aim of this study was to formally document the prevalence of this bias in these studies.

Clinical trials on eyelid ptosis, published in the last 20 years, were searched in PubMed with the terms; “((blepharoptosis) OR upper eyelid ptosis) OR eyelid ptosis” and with the filters “Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial, Humans.” Two independent observers evaluated the articles for eligibility, field of the journal, field of the authors, presence of randomization, type of the study (surgical, medical), and statistical approach to double organ bias.

The PubMed search yielded 101 articles and 23 of them met the above-mentioned criteria. In 3 articles, primary outcome measure was not related with the eyes. Among the remaining 20 articles, 14 (70%) had double-organ’t prevent publication in higher impact factor journals and didn’t change between journals from different disciplines or over time.

To analyze functional results and complications of the use of autologous fascia lata in frontalis suspension in children under 3 years old and to confirm its technical viability.

A retrospective review of 8 patients (12 eyes) who underwent frontalis suspension using autologous fascia lata sling.

Twelve eyes of 8 patients were analyzed, with an average age of 1.8 ± 0.6 years. Preoperatively, the mean margin-to-reflex distance 1 was -0.17 ± 0.577 mm. Postoperatively the mean margin-to-reflex distance 1 was 2.66 ± 0.492 mm without any graft donor site or corneal complications. No recurrence was recorded in the follow-up period (mean follow-up period 28.5 ± 32.33 months).

Autologous fascia lata is an eligible material in frontalis suspension in children under 3 years old, despite the traditional oculoplastic dogma that advices against.

Autologous fascia lata is an eligible material in frontalis suspension in children under 3 years old, despite the traditional oculoplastic dogma that advices against.