AIM To assess the association between mental health nurse to comprehensive/ general nurse ratio and relapse – determined by hospital admission – in adult psychiatric inpatients. BACKGROUND INFORMATION There is considerable variation in psychiatric inpatient nursing skill mix internationally. In most countries, wards are typically staffed by a mix of mental health and comprehensive/ general nurses. To date, there have been no systematic reviews that have examined the association between the ratio of mental health to registered nurses and patient outcomes. METHOD We will systematically search five databases. Risk of bias will be determined using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool. A meta-analysis will be undertaken if there are at least two similar studies. RESULTS For included studies we will produce tables summarising risk of bias and extracted data. If we are able to undertake a meta-analysis this will be reported as a forest plot. DISCUSSION This paper sets out a detailed plan for a systematic review of mental health nurse skill mix research. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE High-quality evidence about the association between nursing skill mix and patient outcomes is important to inform the planning of mental health services internationally. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Effective environmental management hinges on efficient and targeted monitoring, which in turn should adapt to increasing disturbance regimes that now characterize most ecosystems. Habitats and biodiversity of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) – the world’s largest coral reef ecosystem – are in declining condition, prompting a review of the effectiveness of existing coral monitoring programs. Applying a regional model of coral cover (i.e., the most widely used proxy for coral reef condition globally) within major benthic communities, we assess the representation and complementarity of existing long-term coral reef monitoring programs on the GBR. Finerenone We show that existing monitoring has captured up to 45% of the environmental diversity on the GBR, while some geographic areas (including major hotspots of cyclone activity over the last 30 years) have remained unmonitored. Further, we identified complementary groups of reefs characterized by similar benthic community composition and similar coral cover trajectories since 1996. The mosaic of their distribution across the GBR reflects spatial variation in the cumulative impact of multiple acute disturbances, as well as spatial gradients in coral recovery potential. Representation and complementarity, in combination with other performance assessment criteria, can inform the cost-effective design and stratification of future surveys. Based on these results, we formulate recommendations to assist with the design of future long-term coral reef monitoring programs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The eelgrass Zostera marina is an important foundation species of coastal areas in the Northern Hemisphere, but is continuing to decline, despite management actions. The development of new management tools is therefore urgent in order to prioritize limited resources for protecting meadows most vulnerable to local extinctions and identifying most valuable present and historic meadows to protect and restore, respectively. We assessed 377 eelgrass meadows along the complex coastlines of two fjord regions on the Swedish west coast -one is currently healthy and the other is substantially degraded. Shoot dispersal for all meadows was assessed with Lagrangian biophysical modelling (scale 100-1000 m) and used for barrier analysis and clustering; a subset (n=22) was also assessed with population genetic methods (20 microsatellites) including diversity, structure and network connectivity. Both approaches were in very good agreement, resulting in seven subpopulation groupings or management units (MUs). The MUs corresponreserved.We have summarized the recent progress of stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence materials. Organic phosphorescence is closely related to the intermolecular interactions, because such interactions are beneficial to promote SOC and boost ISC efficiency and finally conducive to achieve satisfactory phosphorescence. It is found that the intermolecular interactions, which are essential for organic phosphorescence, are easily disturbed by external stimuli such as mechanical force, photon, acid, chemical vapor, leading to the luminescence change. According to this principle, various purely organic phosphorescence materials sensitive to external stimuli have been developed. The minireview categorizes reported stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence materials on the basis of different stimuli, including mechanochromism, mechanoluminescence, photo-activity, acid-responsiveness and other stimuli. Some prospective strategies for constructing stimuli-responsive purely organic phosphorescence molecules are provided. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.In agricultural soils, amino acids can represent vital nitrogen (N) sources for crop growth and yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying amino acid uptake and allocation are poorly understood in crop plants. This study shows that rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots can acquire aspartate at soil concentration, and that japonica subspecies take up this acidic amino acid 1.5-fold more efficiently than indica subspecies. Genetic association analyses with 68 representative japonica or indica germplasms identified rice Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 (OsLHT1) as a candidate gene associated with the aspartate uptake trait. When expressed in yeast, OsLHT1 supported cell growth on a broad spectrum of amino acids and effectively transported aspartate, asparagine and glutamate. OsLHT1 is localized throughout the rice root, including root hairs, epidermis, cortex and stele, and to the leaf vasculature. Knockout of OsLHT1 in japonica resulted in reduced root uptake of amino acids. Furthermore, in 15 N-amino acid-fed mutants versus wild-type, a higher percentage of 15 N remained in roots instead of being allocated to the shoot. 15 N-ammonium uptake and subsequently the delivery of root synthesized amino acids to Oslht1 shoots were also significantly decreased, which was accompanied by reduced shoot growth. These results together provide evidence that OsLHT1 functions in both root uptake and root to shoot allocation of a broad spectrum of amino acids in rice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.