The stability and flexibility of the nanofibers allow their application in a continuous system and can be reused after several cycles.Frailty is a reversible state of reduced resilience to stressful events resulting from a multisystem impairment of the human body. As frailty progresses, people become more vulnerable to numerous adverse events, including falls and fractures, cognitive decline, disability, hospitalization, nursing home placement, and death. As such, substantial health care costs are associated with frailty. These features have led to the recognition of frailty as a public health problem. The identification of strategies for the management of frailty has, therefore, become a topic of extensive instigation. In this context, resistance (RT) and power training (PT) have received considerable attention, and experts in the field have recently suggested that both training modalities may improve frailty-related parameters. However, most studies have only included robust people and investigated frailty as a secondary outcome, so that current literature only allows RT and PT preventive programs against frailty to be designed. Here, we provide evidence-based critical recommendations for the prescription of RT and PT programs against incident frailty in community-dwellers.

Although the burden ofinfluenzainfection is the highest inolderadults,vaccination coverage remains low, despite this age group being more vulnerable than others.

Given the current pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, it was the aim of this scope review to update knowledge on factors affecting seasonal influenza vaccineuptake among older adults to strengthen prevention approaches in the context of an overall burden of infectious diseases.

We searched bibliographic databases from 2012 to 2019. All studies reviewed one or moresocial determinant of health listed by WHO, or factors affecting the decision-making process whether to accept influenza vaccine or not.

Overall, 44 studies were included, 41 determinants were extracted and summarized into six categories. Older age and constitutional factors including multiple chronic diseases as well as preventive lifestyle and frequent routine healthcare utilization positively affected vaccination uptake (VU). Living and working conditions are also researched determinants of influenza vaccine uptake. A small number of studies explored the role of social inclusion and system-based interventions.

This scope review provides a comprehensive overview on factors affecting seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among older citizens. The review also clearly shows gaps for evidence on system-based level or political strategies to improve vaccination uptake.

This scope review provides a comprehensive overview on factors affecting seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among older citizens. The review also clearly shows gaps for evidence on system-based level or political strategies to improve vaccination uptake.

The use of two attending surgeons during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for cerebral palsy (CP) patients has been shown to improve perioperative outcomes. This study aims to determine if the use of two surgeons is associated with an increase in the number of subsequent surgeries that can be performed in the same operating room (OR) during business hours.

Patients with scoliosis and CP treated with PSF with minimum 90-day follow-up were included. Patients were grouped based on whether one or two attending surgeons performed the case. check details The primary outcome was the number of surgeries that followed in the same OR before 5PM. Secondary outcomes included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay, rate of surgical site infection, and rate of unplanned return to the operating room.

Thirty-six patients were included (10 with 1 surgeon and 26 with 2 surgeons). The two surgeon group had a significant increase in the average number of surgeries subsequently performed in the same OR during business hours (1.1 vs. 0.3, p = 0.01), as well as shorter mean operative time (159 vs. 307min, p = 0.007) and EBL (554 vs. 840cc, p = 0.01; 26 vs. 39%EBV, p = 0.03).

The use of two attending surgeons was associated with a significant increase in the number of cases subsequently performed in the same OR during business hours, and significant decreases in operative time and EBL. Hospitals should consider the patient care and potential system-level improvements when considering implementation of two surgeon teams for PSF in CP patients.

Therapeutic Level III.

Therapeutic Level III.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has evolved to adapt to human host and transmission over the past 12 months. One prominent adaptive mutation is the asparagine-to-glycine substitution at amino acid position 614 in the viral spike protein (D614G), which has become dominant in the currently circulating virus strains. Since spike protein determines host ranges, tissue tropism, and pathogenesis through binding to the cellular receptor of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the D614G mutation is hypothesized to enhance viral fitness in human host, leading to increased transmission during the global pandemic. Here we summarize the recent progress on the role of the D614G mutation in viral replication, pathogenesis, transmission, and vaccine and therapeutic antibody development. These findings underscore the importance in closely monitoring viral evolution and defining their functions to ensure countermeasure efficacy against newly emerging variants.Hens are raised apart from roosters in modern poultry production, a substantial change from their natural social structure. We compared productivity, injuries, behavior, physiology, microbiome and transcriptome of hens housed with (R+) or without (R-) roosters to quantify the effects of this change in social structure. Hens were raised free-range from 70 to 280 days when 30 birds per treatment were assigned to battery cages until Day 315 (R+C vs. R-C), while 30 birds per treatment remained in free-range pens (R+F vs. R-F). Response to a novel environment and object, behavioral time budgets, cecum microbiome, blood composition and transcriptomic sequencing of thigh muscle and spleen were analyzed. Hens housed without roosters showed better survival, consumed less food, produced more eggs and had better feed conversion. R+F hens clustered around the rooster and were less mobile in the novel environment and object tests. R+F hens displayed the richest microbiome, and the presence of roosters resulted in differentially expressed genes related to muscle development, cellular processes, environmental information processing and immune function.