Traditionally medial elbow injuries in overhead athletes have been treated with ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction as first described by Dr. Frank Jobe. Recent literature has shown favorable outcomes in select patients treated with UCL repair. Newer techniques utilizing suture augmentation demonstrate biomechanical profiles as good or better than the native state and/or reconstruction. This review aims to evaluate these biomechanical studies and the clinical outcomes of ulnar collateral ligament repair with suture augmentation.

UCL repair has favorable outcomes in select patients with specific tear type patterns. Clinical outcomes have shown return to play rates of 92-97% with mean time of 2.5-6months post-operatively. Biomechanical data comparing UCL repair to reconstruction techniques have shown improved resistance to common forces applied to the elbow during overhead activities. Additionally, suture tape augmentation dramatically improves stability of ligament repair without over-constrainiinstay of treatment for overhead athletes. Recent studies evaluating the biomechanical properties as well as clinical outcomes have demonstrated favorable data when UCL repair is performed. When considering the drawbacks of a prolonged recovery associated with reconstruction, UCL repair is a viable option in select patients.Micrurus surinamensis is a coral snake from the Elapidae family of wide distribution in Amazonia Forest. Its venom contains neurotoxins that induce muscular and respiratory paralysis; however, its cardiovascular action is not yet characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiotoxic effects caused by M. surinamensis poisoning in rodents. Twelve guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were distributed in two groups (n = 6) named as control and envenomed. The control group received 0.2 ml of PBS/BSA via intramuscular injection (IM), while envenomed animals received 0.75 µg of venom per g of body weight, also via IM. Electrocardiographic examination (ECG) and biochemical serum tests were conducted before and 2 h after inoculation. ECG of the envenomed animals revealed severe progressive arrhythmias including atrioventricular block, supraventricular, and ventricular extrasystoles. Serum biochemistry showed significant increase in CK, CK-MB, and LDH enzymes corroborating the skeletal and cardiac muscle damage. Myonecrosis and degeneration were observed in both skeletal and heart muscle; nevertheless, transmission electron microscopy revealed cardiac muscle fibers fragmentation. In conclusion, M. surinamensis venom has a potent cardiotoxic activity eliciting arrhythmogenic effects and heart damage after only 2 h of envenomation.The structural protein VP3 of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) plays a critical role in viral assembly, replication, immune escape, and anti-apoptosis. Interaction between VP3 and host protein factors can affect stages in the viral replication cycle. In this study, 137 host proteins interacting with VP3 protein were screened through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomics approach. The functions and relevance of the proteins were obtained through bioinformatics analysis. Most VP3-interacting proteins were linked to binding, catalytic activity, and structural molecular activity, and performed functions in cell parts and cells. Biological functions of VP3-interacting proteins were mainly relevant to “Cytoskeleton”, “Translation”, and “Signal transduction mechanisms”, involving ribosomes, “Tight junction”, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and other pathways. Six potential VP3-interacting proteins in host cells were knocked down, and vimentin, myosin-9, and annexin A2 were found to be related to IBDV replication. This study would help explore regulatory pathways and cellular mechanisms in IBDV-infected cells, and also provided clues for the in-depth study of VP3 biological functions and IBDV replication or pathogenesis.A walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) born in an aquarium and hand-reared in Japan died at the age of 11 months. The affected animal showed fever and anorexia and had high levels of AST and ALT. Necropsy showed multiple necroses in the liver and adrenal glands and histological examination revealed necrotic lesions of the liver and adrenal cortex, both of which contained intranuclear inclusions. Electron microscopic analysis of the liver sample showed herpesvirus-like particles. High-throughput sequencing analysis of the liver sample and phylogenetic analysis of herpesvirus polymerase genes identified a new virus, Walrus alphaherpesvirus 1 (WaHV-1), which belonged to the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae and had high homology with Phocid alphaherpesvirus 1. Phylogenetic analysis of the UL30 gene encoding glycoprotein B revealed that WaHV-1 was closely related to a cluster of phocid herpesviruses, including one that caused high mortality rates in harbor seals during past outbreaks. The mother walrus of the dead animal showed evidence of herpesvirus infection in the past and potentially harbored WaHV-1. As a result of hand-rearing, the dead animal might have acquired WaHV-1 from its infected mother and succumbed to WaHV-1 due to lack of maternal IgG, including those that could neutralize WaHV-1.Members of the Cell Stress Society International (CSSI), Patricija van Oosten-Hawle (University of Leeds, UK), Mehdi Mollapour (SUNY Upstate Medical University, USA), Andrew Truman (University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA) organized a new virtual meeting format which took place on November 5-6, 2020. The goal of this congress was to provide an international platform for scientists to exchange data and ideas among the Cell Stress and Chaperones community during the Covid-19 pandemic. Here we will highlight the summary of the meeting and acknowledge those who were honored by the CSSI.

While stroke is already considered a nutrition-related disease, the prevalence of the broad array of disordered eating behaviors is under-reported in this disease. We describe the case of a stroke in a young woman following a recent food addiction to fatty-sweet food.

She was diagnosed with a Night-Eating-Syndrome, with a loss-of-control exclusively towards sugary carbohydrates used to manage her insomnia and distress, and her consummatory behaviors were investigated.

This case report illustrates a self-medication of a significant psychological distress by shifting from a healthy diet to an overconsumption of hyper-palatable foods, triggering an addiction disorder. The related hypertriglyceridemia, on top of chronic smoking, contributed to the development of an atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus formation.

Food addiction might be considered as an emerging stroke risk factor. PIK-75 We suggest it fosters the need to take into consideration addictive-like eating behaviors and associated mental disorders in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke.