05). Plasma acylated ghrelin and leptin levels decreased four weeks after surgery compared to preoperative levels, while adiponectin levels increased four weeks after surgery in the SG and GP groups, respectively. The present study revealed that plasma glucose levels, ghrelin and leptin levels decreased after SG and GP, while adiponectin levels improved. This suggests that there may be hormonal contribution in weight loss.Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a cytokine produced by various cells of the human body (macrophages, lymphocytes, astrocytes, ischemic myocytes, endothelial cells) has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, being a key component in regulating various physiologic and pathological processes. The structure of this molecule and the receptor system it possesses are important due to the different activities that IL-6 can exert; through trans-signaling pro-inflammatory activities are mediated, while through classic signaling, IL-6 is responsible for anti-inflammatory and regenerative activities. IL-6 signaling is involved in coronary artery disease and the global COVID-19 pandemic. This proatherogenic cytokine reaches elevated serum levels in the cytokine storm generated by SARS-CoV-2, and is also associated with smoking or obesity-classic cardiovascular risk factors which promote inflammatory states. IL-6 levels are proportionally correlated with dyslipidemia, hypertension and glucose dysregulation, and they are associated with poor outcomes in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. IL-6 targeting for treatment development (not only) in cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 is still a matter of ongoing research, although tocilizumab has proven to be effective in reducing the proatherogenic effects of IL-6 and is suggested to improve COVID-19 patient survival.The etiology of hearing loss originates from genetic factors and includes several other events including infections, working or living environment, as well as several endocrine and metabolic disorders. The Vibrant® Soundbridge™ (VSB) is an implantable hearing aid whose floating mass transducer (FMT) is attached to the long process of the incus. The device is used for pure sensorineural hearing loss with an intact middle ear. Variations in the manner of attachment may occur. Knowledge of the impact of such variations on the overall device performance may guide towards optimal transducer attachment during surgery. A mechanical modelling of the ear was first reported by von Békésy and indicated that the tympanic membrane (TM) moves as a stiff plate, and that the mallear and incudal ligaments act as a rotation axis for the ossicular chain at low frequencies. Experimental investigations and simulations with the model yield the same main results. The first fitting situation, where the FMT floats freely in the middle ear, provides by far the worst possible results. Contact to the stapes supra-structure of the FMT is necessary for optimal performance of the FMT. The mastoid specimen preserves its acoustic properties that have been shown to be similar to those in the vital human ear, under these conditions. Properly coupling the electromagnetic transducer to the ossicles can be difficult and it requires a certain degree of experience. A finite-element model (FEM) is useful for functional evaluation of the VSB since it enables easy modelling of the complicated middle ear structures and simulation of their dynamic behavior which makes it easy to understand it in detail without experiments.Methods to prevent the development of pathologies due to placental dysfunctions, such as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, are the main approaches for obtaining the best maternal and fetal antepartum and postpartum prognosis. During 5 years of study (January, 2015 to December, 2019), the cases of pregnancy and puerperium complicated with pathology due to placental dysfunction were analyzed. The main objective was to determine the magnitude of the impact of thrombophilia on the development of an entity of gestational hypertension disorder. We compared the impact of thrombophilia and its associated complications in patients with gestational hypertension with moderate and severe preeclampsia. Thus, we found obesity, thrombophilia, and underlying cardiac pathology to be significant risk factors for severe preeclampsia. Regarding the comparative analysis of the risk factors and complications associated with patients with mild preeclampsia compared with those with severe preeclampsia, the presence in severe preeclampsia of thrombophilia, endocrine, liver, and cardiac pathology was higher and, a higher rate of complications was observed; complications included fetal death, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), prematurity, fetal arrhythmia with acute fetal distress, HELLP syndrome, and placental abruption. Thrombophilia has a significant effect on the development of severe preeclampsia, and oligohydramnios as specific complication of mild preeclampsia. Factors indicating an increased risk of progression from mild preeclampsia to severe preeclampsia are in addition to inherited thrombophilia the underlying pathologies, namely cardiac, hepatic, and endocrine factors.Middle ear problems are addressed using tympanoplasty, which requires a mobile tympanic membrane and secure sound-conducting mechanism. 4-Methylumbelliferone order The present is a long-term, retrospective, non-controlled study on the results of ossiculoplasty using bioceramic implants of autochthonous origin and which defined the statistical relevant factors that could influence the rate of implant rejection. In a cohort of 108 patients ossiculoplasties with bioceramic implants were performed and patients were followed up clinically for a period of minimum 7 years. Several factors were identified that could influence the results of the implantation and the statistical correlations were studied. The rejection rate after 9.12 years was 21% (23 patients). Histological integration rate was 79% (85 patients), similar to results reported in literature for both bioceramic and titanium implants. Hydroxyapatite has many of the ideal characteristics required to be a good prosthesis with a high degree of biocompatibility, very low extrusion rate, low risk of disease transmission and good functional results.