Postprandial symptoms presumably related to intestinal gas production are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of the study was to assess if oral α-galactosidase is superior to placebo in reducing gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and intestinal gas production after ingestion of carbohydrate-rich meals in adult patients with IBS.

We studied the effect of 1200GaIU/meal α-galactosidase (Nogasin

) or placebo capsules on GI symptoms in patients with IBS after three standardized, meals high in oligosaccharides, in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. selleck kinase inhibitor The intensity of eight GI symptoms was rated, and breath hydrogen and methane were measured every 30min during 7.5h. The severity of GI symptoms the following morning was assessed and compared with baseline.

Twenty adult patients with IBS (19 females), mean age 49years (range 22-75years), were included. All test meals were well tolerated but induced a gradual increase in GI symptom severity. Neither GI symptom ratings over time, nor hydrogen and methane concentrations differed between the days with α-galactosidase or placebo. The severity of abdominal pain and bloating was lower the following morning, but with no differences between α-galactosidase and placebo.

The use of α-galactosidase together with meals high in oligosaccharides was in this pilot study not superior to placebo in reducing postprandial GI symptoms or the concentration of hydrogen and methane in expired air in IBS.

The use of α-galactosidase together with meals high in oligosaccharides was in this pilot study not superior to placebo in reducing postprandial GI symptoms or the concentration of hydrogen and methane in expired air in IBS.Clinical and experimental findings have disclosed a high recurrence rate after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which might be due to the dissemination of malignant cells into the vasculature during ablation. Here, we apply in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) to monitor circulating tumor cells (CTCs) while performing ablation in a real-time and noninvasive way in an orthotopic model of prostate cancer. We report that CTCs are dramatically increased during RFA. The CTCs induced by ablation eventually translate into enhanced distant metastasis and reduced survival as compared to resection. Immunofluorescence analysis reveals that RFA significantly increases the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the lung. Our study thus suggests that the ablative procedure of prostate tumors causes immediate tumor cell dissemination and increases distant metastasis.Alitretinoin is the only systemic agent approved to treat moderate-severe chronic hand eczema (CHE) unresponsive to potent topical corticosteroids. No nationwide Italian data regarding real-life efficacy, safety, and tolerability of treatment are available. The DECISA project (DErmatology Clinics in Italy Survey on Alitretinoin) retrospectively examined data from a registry including 15 Dermatology Clinics authorized to prescription of alitretinoin for CHE patients. Disease severity was assessed at baseline, and after 3 and 6 months of treatment, using the 5-point Physician Global Assessment (PGA) and the modified Total Lesion-Symptoms-Severity (mTLSS) scores. Between November 2010 and July 2018, data of 248 male and 190 female patients (mean age 49.71 ± 13.20 years) treated with alitretinoin were collected. Of them, 43.2% had irritant contact dermatitis, 22.2% allergic contact dermatitis, 18.0% atopic dermatitis, 16.7% mixed (irritant/allergic) type of eczema. At 3 months, the 420 re-evaluated patients showed significantly reduced mTLSS and PGA (P  less then  .0000001 vs baseline for both); PGA was clear/almost clear in 35.6% of cases. At 6 months, the 341 re-evaluated patients showed significant (P  less then  .0000001) improvement of mTLSS and PGA vs baseline and 3 months (PGA clear/almost clear 41.4%). Relapses occurred in 125 patients; 58 underwent an additional course of alitretinoin, with similarly good results. No relevant safety issues were reported; 86 patients experienced adverse effects, which forced 40 to prematurely stop treatment. The DECISA project results confirm the real-life efficacy, safety and tolerability of alitretinoin in the treatment of moderate to severe CHE refractory to standard topical therapies.

The fruits of Areca catechu, also called areca nuts, are widely used as popular masticatory and traditional herbal medicine in Asia. Besides arecoline and related alkaloids, limited information is available about further primary and secondary metabolites and their potential biological activities.

Here we aimed to further enhance our knowledge on phytochemical profiles of A. catechu and Areca triandra fruits. We intended to comprehensively identify metabolites in A. catechu and A. triandra fruits.

Metabolites were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The occurrence of 12 selected bioactive compounds in 4 different developmental stages of A. catechu and A. triandra was quantified by LC-MS/MS.

A total of 791 metabolites was identified. Of these, 115 metabolites could successfully be mapped to 44 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathways, and 154 metabolites occurred at significantly different levels in A. catechu cects.

It was aimed to compare the breastfeeding status and healthy life style changes, eating behaviors, attitudes, and orthorectic tendencies of mothers.

All volunteered mothers who have a child between the ages of 0 and 2 were included in this cross-sectional study. Five hundred fourteen individuals were included. Five parted questionnaire and “ORTO-11” test and “Eating Attitude Test” were used.

A statistically significant relationship was found between breastfeeding status and working status and professions of mothers. Mothers who did not breastfeed, skipped main meal more frequently, and smoking and occasional alcohol consumption was higher. The mean score of the participants on the ORTO-11 scale was 25.09±4.80, EAT-40 scale mean score was 18.80±10.42. High-risk in eating attitudes was found in 12.0% of all participants. It was observed that mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high-risk group in terms of eating attitude.

Mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high-risk group in terms of eating attitude compared with breastfeeding mothers.