La medición de la conectividad cerebral, puede ser útil para aclarar los mecanismos neurofisiológicos de la cognición en los pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia consumidores de cannabis.in English, Spanish Objetivo Las características heterogéneas de familiares afectados (FA) de familiares con abuso de sustancias (FAS) han sido objeto de pocos estudios. Este estudio revisó la ocurrencia y los correlatos de FA con uno o más familiares con problemas de abuso de sustancias. Materiales y Métodos Análisis secundario de un estudio transversal sobre las características de FA en Brasil (N = 3157). Valoramos los niveles de los FA de estrés, presión, afrontamiento y esperanza. Exploramos los factores asociados con los FA que tenían otros familiares con abuso de sustancias (otros-FAS) mediante regresiones logísticas ordinales. Resultados El 61,6% de la muestra (1945/3157) informó de la ocurrencia de otros-FAS. De estos, el 47% (904/1945) informó que los otros-FAS eran familiares directos del FAS (cónyuge/pareja/hijos/hermanos). La probabilidad de ocurrencia de otros-FAS estaba relacionada con que el FAS fuese mujer, de bajo nivel socioeconómico (NSE), con una edad entre los 35-44 años, fuese la madre o esposa/novia/prometida del FAS, obtuviese una puntuación más alta en impacto familiar, síntomas psicológicos y físicos, evitamiento como mecanismo de afrontamiento, y que tuviese un FAS mayor. Conclusión Información sobre las características de los FA es clave para entender cómo puede manifestarse la experiencia de daños asociados con el problema del familiar. Nuestros hallazgos aportan datos que pueden ser útiles para desarrollar intervenciones con el objetivo de reducir los daños sufridos por los FA.Objective Research has shown effectiveness of nonremoval of the spoon and physical guidance in increasing consumption and decreasing inappropriate mealtime behavior. The side deposit has been used to treat passive refusal in 2 studies (1 in a highly specialized hospital setting) using lower manipulated-texture foods on an infant gum brush. Methods We extended the literature by using regular texture bites of food with a finger prompt and side deposit (placing bites inside the side of the child’s mouth via the cheek) in an intensive home-based program setting in Australia, demonstrating that attention and tangible treatments alone were ineffective prior, fading the tangible treatment, showing caregiver training, and following up. 2 male children with autism spectrum disorder (with texture/variety selectivity; one with liquid dependence) participated in their homes. We used a reversal design to replicate effectiveness of the side deposit added to a treatment package. Results For both participants, we observed a >98% decrease in latency to acceptance, a 100% decrease in inappropriate mealtime behavior, and a 100% increase in consumption with the side deposit added. Variety was increased to over 85 regular texture foods. 100% of admission goals were met. Caregivers were trained to high procedural integrity and the protocol was generalized to school and the community. Gains maintained to 3 and 1.5 years. Conclusion This is important work in adding to the literature and support for the side deposit and expanding to regular texture, as well as replicating and extending empirically supported treatments for feeding internationally to the home setting. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is increasing globally, largely due to high rates of antibiotic use and misuse. Factors that influence frequent antibiotic use in children are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This study describes rates of antibiotic use in Australian children and investigates parental factors including knowledge, attitudes and behaviours that influence antibiotic use. METHODS An online questionnaire relating to antibiotic use was administered as part of the Royal Children’s Hospital National Child Health Poll to a randomly recruited nationwide sample of parents or guardians of children aged 0-17 years in Australia. Data on antibiotic use in children and parental knowledge of appropriate indications for antibiotics and behaviours were collected. Standard binary logistic regression was used to assess associations between parent demographics and behaviour with antibiotic administration. RESULTS The survey was completed by 2157 parents (64% completion rate), of which 1131 (52%) reported having given oral antibiotics to one or more of their children in the preceding 12 months. Of the 3971 children represented overall, 1719 (43%) had received at least one course of antibiotics. The average number of courses per child was 0.86 overall and 1.96 courses per child among those with reported antibiotic use. Notably, 194/1131 (17%) parents reported giving antibiotics to their child without a prescription. Poor parental knowledge of antibiotic indications was associated with antibiotic use. CONCLUSIONS Reducing excessive use of antibiotics in children is necessary in the global strategy for preventing antimicrobial resistance. This study identified areas for public health interventions to educate parents and increase regulation of access to antibiotics. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com.The utilization of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) has understandable intuitive appeal in reassuring the clinician that ‘everything possible’ has been done to assure the birth of a healthy baby. Whereas the development of the PGT-A technology is still in a relatively early stage, great strides have nevertheless been made in the understanding of the genetics of the preimplantation human embryo. The problem lies not in the progress that has been achieved, but rather, in the reality that PGT-A is being actively marketed as a mature technology. Those that market the technology overstate its benefits and underestimate the losses of potential implantations that are the consequence of the practice of PGT-A. PF-03758309 The implication is that the PGT-A technology is accurate, has minimal errors and is ready to be applied to every case of IVF. This approach is not evidence-based. Substantial losses of potential implantations are even evident in the analysis of the numbers presented by marketing materials themselves.