Widespread mammographic screening programs and improved self-monitoring allow for breast cancer to be detected earlier than ever before. Breast-conserving surgery is a successful treatment for select women. However, up to 40% of women develop local recurrence after surgery despite apparently tumor-free margins. This suggests that morphologically normal breast may harbor early alterations that contribute to increased risk of cancer recurrence. We conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analysis to characterize 57 fresh-frozen tissues from breast cancers and matched histologically normal tissues resected proximal to ( less then 2 cm) and distant from (5-10 cm) the primary tumor, using tissues from cosmetic reduction mammoplasties as baseline. Four distinct transcriptomic subtypes are identified within matched normal tissues metabolic; immune; matrisome/epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and non-coding enriched. Key components of the subtypes are supported by proteomic and tissue composition analyses. We find that the metabolic subtype is associated with poor prognosis (p  less then  0.001, HR6.1). Examination of genes representing the metabolic signature identifies several genes able to prognosticate outcome from histologically normal tissues. A subset of these have been reported for their predictive ability in cancer but, to the best of our knowledge, these have not been reported altered in matched normal tissues. This study takes an important first step toward characterizing matched normal tissues resected at pre-defined margins from the primary tumor. Unlocking the predictive potential of unexcised tissue could prove key to driving the realization of personalized medicine for breast cancer patients, allowing for more biologically-driven analyses of tissue margins than morphology alone.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1038/s41526-020-0097-9.].The “Coriolis” cross-coupled (CC) illusion has historically limited the tolerability of utilizing fast-spin rate, short-radius centrifugation for in-flight artificial gravity. Previous research confirms that humans acclimate to the CC illusion over 10 daily sessions, though the efficacy of additional training is unknown. We investigated human acclimation to the CC illusion over up to 50 daily sessions of personalized, incremental training. During each 25-min session, subjects spun in yaw and performed roll head tilts approximately every 30 s, reporting the presence or absence of the illusion while rating motion sickness every 5 min. Illusion intensity was modulated by altering spin rate based upon subject response, such that the administered stimulus remained near each individual’s instantaneous illusion threshold. Every subject (n = 11) continued to acclimate linearly to the CC illusion during the investigation. Subjects acclimated at an average rate of 1.17 RPM per session (95% CI 0.63-1.71 RPM per session), with the average tolerable spin rate increasing from 1.4 to 26.2 RPM, corresponding to a reduction in required centrifuge radius from 456.6 to 1.3 m (to produce loading of 1 g at the feet). read more Subjects reported no more than slight motion sickness throughout their training (mean 0.92/20, 95% CI 0.35-1.49/20). We applied survival analysis to determine the probability of individuals reaching various spin rates over a number of training days, providing a tolerability trade parameter for centrifuge design. Results indicate that acclimation to a given, operationally relevant spin rate may be feasible for all subjects if given a sufficient training duration.Cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is pervasive with potentially devastating effects. Identification of those at risk for cognitive decline is vital to identify and implement appropriate interventions. Robust multivariate approaches, including fixed-effect, mixed-effect, and multitask learning models, were used to study associations between biological, clinical, and cognitive factors and for predicting cognitive status longitudinally in a well-characterized prevalent PD cohort (n = 827). Age, disease duration, sex, and GBA status were the primary biological factors associated with cognitive status and progression to dementia. Specific cognitive tests were better predictors of subsequent cognitive status for cognitively unimpaired and dementia groups. However, these models could not accurately predict future mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Data collected from a large PD cohort thus revealed the primary biological and cognitive factors associated with dementia, and provide clinicians with data to aid in the identification of risk for dementia. Sex differences and their potential relationship to genetic status are also discussed.The akinetic/rigid (AR) motor subtype of Parkinson’s Disease is associated with increased rates of motor and cognitive decline. Cross-sectional studies examining the neural correlates of AR have found abnormalities in both subcortical and cortical networks involved in motor planning and execution relative to controls. To better understand how these cross-sectional findings are implicated in the unique decline associated with the AR subtype, we examined whether baseline AR symptoms are associated with longitudinal decline of these networks, in contrast to other motor symptoms such as tremor. Using whole brain multiple regression analyses we found that worse AR symptoms at baseline were associated with greater gray matter loss over four years in superior parietal and paracentral lobules and motor cortex. These regions also showed altered connectivity patterns with posterior parietal, premotor, pre-supplementary motor area and dorsolateral prefrontal regions in association with AR symptoms across subjects. Thus, AR symptoms are related to gray matter decline and aberrant functional connectivity in a network of frontal-parietal regions critical for motor planning and execution. These structural and functional abnormalities may therefore be implicated in the more aggressive course of decline associated with the AR relative to tremor-dominant subtype.This Viewpoint discusses insights from basic science and clinical perspectives on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)/severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the brain, with a particular focus on Parkinson’s disease. Major points include that neuropathology studies have not answered the central issue of whether the virus enters central nervous system neurons, astrocytes or microglia, and the brain vascular cell types that express virus have not yet been identified. Currently, there is no clear evidence for human neuronal or astrocyte expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the major receptor for viral entry, but ACE2 expression may be activated by inflammation, and a comparison of healthy and infected brains is important. In contrast to the 1918 influenza pandemic and avian flu, reports of encephalopathy in COVID-19 have been slow to emerge, and there are so far no documented reports of parkinsonism apart from a single case report. We recommend consensus guidelines for the clinical treatment of Parkinson’s patients with COVID-19.