Nanofiltration (NF) is an advanced environmental technology in water treatment. To thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane, good compatibility between nanofillers and polyamide (PA) layer is the guarantee of remarkable performance. Herein, tannic acid (TA) was employed as modifier of UIO-66-NH2 prior to the interfacial polymerization (IP). With TA modification, more interaction can be formed so that the compatibility between nanofillers and PA layer can be promoted at the molecular level. Characterizations demonstrated the coating of TA on UIO-66-NH2, together with successful introducing of nanofillers in TFN membranes. Compared to pristine thin film composite (TFC) membrane, both UIO-incorporated TFN (TFN-U) and TA modified UIO-incorporated TFN (TFN-TU) membranes showed higher permeance (111.2% and 93% enhancement, respectively). However, under the same nanofillers dose, TFN-TU exhibited slightly lower permeance and higher rejection than TFN-U since the bridging effect of TA healed non-selective voids in skin layer. With the increasing of nanofiller dose in IP, TFN-TU remained reasonable selectivity while TFN-U failed to. Moreover, TFN-TU showed better anti-fouling property due to TA modification. Introducing TA modified MOFs into IP can serve as an ingenious strategy for TFN membrane to achieve high-quality environmental applications.

Sibaté is a municipality located in the central region of Colombia, where the first asbestos-cement facility of the country has been in operation since 1942. Both a malignant pleural mesothelioma cluster and landfilled zones with the presence of an underground friable asbestos layer have been identified in Sibaté. There is still limited knowledge regarding the history of the construction of landfilled zones, and what kinds of materials were deposited. The current study aims to improve our understanding of the history and characteristics of the landfilled zones present in Sibaté.

Two participatory workshops with inhabitants of Sibaté were conducted to determine when the landfilled zones were built and their location. Information collected in participatory workshops was crossed with both topographic maps and aerial photographs, giving special attention to zones within the urban area of the municipality that in the past were inundated with water from El Muña Reservoir. An opportunistic soil sampling campaigna of Sibaté during the disposal of residue materials and the construction of the landfilled zones. Thus, important asbestos exposures may have occurred among residents of Sibaté, which is aggravated by the fact that during those years, more than 50% of the population of Sibaté was 25 years old or younger. Although the results of the current study improved our understanding of the processes and chronology associated with the landfilled zones, the uncertainty regarding their exact location remains significant. It is important to continue investigating the adverse health effects resulting from this potential asbestos exposure source.

Violent behavior is influenced by individual and societal characteristics, but the role of environmental factors is less understood. Our aims were to use national-level data to identify the association between criminal behavior and short-term temperature conditions, including the departure of daily temperatures from normal conditions.

We conducted a multi-stage hierarchical time-series model across 436 U.S. Fedratinib counties and 14-years representing 100.4 million people to investigate the association between daily mean temperature and daily mean temperatures departing from normal conditions with violent and non-violent crime counts. First-stage comparisons were made within counties to control for population and geographic heterogeneities, while a second stage combined estimates. We evaluated differences in risk based on county sociodemographic characteristics and estimated non-linear exposure-response relationships.

We observed a total of 9.0 million violent crimes and 20.9 million non-violent property crimes besults may advance public response and planning to prevent violent behavior.

Our study revealed an association between higher temperatures and high departure from normal temperatures with both violent and non-violent crime risk, regardless of community-type. However, our findings on seasonal and daily trends suggest that daily mean temperature may impact crime by affecting routine activities and behavior, as opposed to a temperature-aggression relationship. These results may advance public response and planning to prevent violent behavior.Change is a fact of life; the absence of change creates stagnation. This is perhaps especially true in health care, where progress in treating disease depends on innovation and progress. At the same time, change is often uncomfortable. Thus, it is helpful to model the change process to optimize the chances of successfully effecting change. Furthermore, how to lead change is a critical leadership competency. Three models for leading change are reviewed the first-the eight stages of change-which was not designed for health care; the second called “switch”; and the third called Amicus, which was uniquely designed for health care. The models share many common features, with the explicit reminder in the third model that physicians should be involved in the change effort early. Although sparse, the evidence does suggest the applicability of these models to health care. Beyond having a roadmap for leading change, it is helpful to assess the worthiness of undertaking a change effort and of predicting the phasic response to change efforts, given that humans are often change-averse. In this regard, both the “payoff matrix” and the change curve, derived from the work of Kübler-Ross on grieving, are offered as tools. Finally, physicians’ avidity for change is framed by two opposing vectors. On the one hand, physicians share in the general human aversion to change. On the other hand, physicians are data-reverent and also wish to do their best for patients, which encourages their embrace of ever-increasing evidence and change.Emergency airway management (EAM) is associated with a high rate of complications, morbidity, and mortality. Handheld point-of-care ultrasound shows promise as an emerging technology to facilitate rapid screening for difficult laryngoscopy, identify the cricothyroid membrane for potential cricothyroidotomy, and assess for increased aspiration risk, as well as provide confirmation of proper endotracheal tube positioning. This review summarizes the available evidence for the use of point-of-care ultrasound in EAM, provides an algorithm to facilitate its incorporation into existing EAM practice to improve patient safety, and serves as a framework for future validation studies.