Staging in the absence of a uniform, robust and validated staging system, we advise using the most recent 2016 8th TNM (tumour, node, metastasis) classification, with an algorithm for pretherapeutic assessment. Monitoring patient’s performance status, histological subtype and tumour volume are the main prognostic factors of clinical importance in…[Read more]

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common cancer predisposition syndrome caused by mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene. NF1 encodes neurofibromin, a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for RAS proto-oncogene GTPase (RAS). Plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are a hallmark of NF1 and result from loss of heterozygosity of NF1 in Schwann cells, leading…[Read more]