Eleven different types of chlorophyll mutants were identified in the M2 generation. Xantha is the most occurred chlorophyll mutants (44.44%), while aurea and yellow viridis have least occurred mutants. Chemical mutagen (EMS) is considered to be the most effective (6.47%) and efficient mutagen (27.09%) based on the chlorophyll mutants and it was followed by an electron beam and gamma rays. Among the physical mutagens, electron beam showed the highest biological damage (37.50% overall reduction from control) and higher effectiveness and efficiency (3.80% and 23.38%) compared to gamma rays (1.87% and 13.38%). Hence, the electron beam can also be used as an effective mutagen in creating variation in cowpea and other crops as it is highly effective, cost less and safe mutagen.

The aim of the study was to develop and validate a deep learning radiomic nomogram (DLRN) for preoperatively assessing breast cancer pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) based on the pre- and post-treatment ultrasound.

Patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) proved by biopsy who proceeded to undergo preoperative NAC were enrolled from hospital #1 (training cohort, 356 cases) and hospital #2 (independent external validation cohort, 236 cases). Deep learning and handcrafted radiomic features reflecting the phenotypes of the pre-treatment (radiomic signature [RS] 1) and post-treatment tumour (RS2) were extracted. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used for feature selection and RS construction. A DLRN was then developed based on the RSs and independent clinicopathological risk factors. The performance of the model was assessed with regard to calibration, discriminationand cpCR in LABC, which could provide valuable information for individual treatment.

The sympathetic nervous system drives breast cancer progression through β-adrenergic receptor signalling. This discovery has led to the consideration of cardiac β-blocker drugs as novel strategies for anticancer therapies. Carvedilol is a β-blocker used in the management of cardiovascular disorders, anxiety, migraine and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. However, little is known about how carvedilol affects cancer-related outcomes.

To address this, we investigated the effects of carvedilol on breast cancer cell lines, in mouse models of breast cancer and in a large cohort of patients with breast cancer (n=4014).

Treatment with carvedilol blocked the effects of sympathetic nervous system activation, reducing primary tumour growth and metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer and preventing invasion by breast cancer cell lines. A retrospective analysis found that women using carvedilol at breast cancer diagnosis (n=136) had reduced breast cancer-specific mortality compared with women who did not (n=3878) (5-year cumulative incidence of breast cancer deaths 3.1% versus 5.7%; p=0.024 and 0.076 from univariate and multivariable analyses, respectively) after a median follow-up of 5.5 years.

These findings provide a rationale to further explore the use of the β-blocker carvedilol as a novel strategy to slow cancer progression.

These findings provide a rationale to further explore the use of the β-blocker carvedilol as a novel strategy to slow cancer progression.

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is a common cancer of the head and neck region. Due to the frequency of diagnoses, high rate of mortality, mutilating nature of classic therapy and numerous complications, new methods of treatment are being sought. One promising solution for treatment that is utilized in many fields of oncology is photodynamic therapy. this website The purpose of this article is to present a general overview of the use of photodynamic therapy in preclinical in vivo studies on the animal model.

A literature search for articles corresponding to the topic of this review was performed using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases using the following keywords ‘oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma,’ ‘photodynamic therapy,’ ‘photosensitizer(s),’ ‘in vivo’, and ‘animal model’.

Based on the literature review, the two most used animal models can be distinguished in research on the use of photodynamic therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Studies mainly focus on the evaluation of tumor growth inhibition after using therapies with various photosensitizers on the murine or hamster cheek pouch models.

The animal model is a part of preclinical research. Unfortunately, each of the models has its limitations, so it is difficult to extrapolate the results to clinical trials.

The animal model is a part of preclinical research. Unfortunately, each of the models has its limitations, so it is difficult to extrapolate the results to clinical trials.Gliosarcoma is an aggressive brain tumor. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a treatment that can be used for various cancers of the CNS. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of PDT with Photodithazine (PDZ) in the treatment of gliosarcoma, using 9 L/lacZ cells and serial concentrations of 200 μg/mL to 3.1 μg/mL of PDZ. The samples were divided into two groups dark and light (10 J/cm²). The PDZ was internalized along all the cytoplasmic extension. Viability tests demonstrated a reduction in viable cells after PDT. The production of ROS was concentration-dependent and PDZ was found in mitochondria and lysosomes, presenting a discrete connection with α-tubulin. However, this structure is likely damaged, evidenced by changes in the morphological analysis. Thus, according to the parameters of this study, PDZ proved to be an interesting PS in PDT for the treatment of gliosarcoma, with the inherent limitations of an in vitro study.The world health organization (WHO) declared novel COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020 and as of now has infected hundreds of millions of people across the globe. Here in this report, we propose the importance of light-based technologies in disinfecting the novel COVID-19, present on the surface of phone, plastic surfaces, wallets, watches, cloths. This article identifies the benefits of repurposing ultraviolet light-based strategies to combat the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic. A possible design for the ultraviolet irradiation is also proposed and discussed in short.