There was a high consistency between the 2 single-phase CTA-based collateral flow scales with DSA-based American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology scale. The assessment by using CTA-based collateral flow assessment methods generated consistent results.

The single-phase CTA-based visual collateral score scale and regional leptomeningeal score scale can be used as the imaging evidence for the evaluation of collateral flow in AIS patients in the majority of grassroots hospitals where DSA is difficult to carry out.

The single-phase CTA-based visual collateral score scale and regional leptomeningeal score scale can be used as the imaging evidence for the evaluation of collateral flow in AIS patients in the majority of grassroots hospitals where DSA is difficult to carry out.

This study evaluated the efficacy of 3-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D FLAIR) for detecting intradural ecchordosis physaliphora (EP).

We retrospectively determined the presence or absence of intradural EP on 3D FLAIR for 3888 consecutive patients, classifying the EP as “classical” or “possible” and analyzing the prevalence, size, and presence or absence of an intraosseous stalk. Where available, magnetic resonance cisternography images were compared with the 3D FLAIR images.

Intradural EP was identified in 50 patients (1.3%) 36 (0.9%) classical and 14 (0.4%) possible. The classical EPs were significantly larger than the possible EPs (P < 0.01). Nine EPs (18.0%) showed an osseous stalk. Magnetic resonance cisternography was performed for 19 EPs (16 classical, 3 possible), detecting all 16 classical EPs but none of the possible EPs.

Classical EPs were detected by 3D FLAIR as with magnetic resonance cisternography. The 3D FLAIR findings suggested a new type of possible EP variant previously unreported.

Classical EPs were detected by 3D FLAIR as with magnetic resonance cisternography. The 3D FLAIR findings suggested a new type of possible EP variant previously unreported.

This study aimed to evaluate the image quality of 7 iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms in comparison to filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm.

An anthropomorphic chest phantom was scanned on 4 computed tomography scanners and reconstructed with FBP and IR algorithms. Image quality of anatomical details-large/medium-sized pulmonary vessels, small pulmonary vessels, thoracic wall, and small and large lesions-was scored. selleck chemical Furthermore, general impression of noise, image contrast, and artifacts were evaluated. Visual grading regression was used to analyze the data. Standard deviations were measured, and the noise power spectrum was calculated.

Iterative reconstruction algorithms showed significantly better results when compared with FBP for these criteria (regression coefficients/P values in parentheses) vessels (FIRST -1.8/0.05, AIDR Enhanced <-2.3/0.01, Veo <-0.1/0.03, ADMIRE <-2.1/0.04), lesions (FIRST <-2.6/0.01, AIDR Enhanced <-1.9/0.03, IMR1 <-2.7/0.01, Veo <-2.4/0.02, ADMIRE -2.3/0.02), image noise (FIRST <-3.2/0.004, AIDR Enhanced <-3.5/0.002, IMR1 <-6.1/0.001, iDose <-2.3/0.02, Veo <-3.4/0.002, ADMIRE <-3.5/0.02), image contrast (FIRST -2.3/0.01, AIDR Enhanced -2.5/0.01, IMR1 -3.7/0.001, iDose -2.1/0.02), and artifacts (FIRST <-3.8/0.004, AIDR Enhanced <-2.7/0.02, IMR1 <-2.6/0.02, iDose -2.1/0.04, Veo -2.6/0.02). The iDose algorithm was the only IR algorithm that maintained the noise frequencies.

Iterative reconstruction algorithms performed differently on all evaluated criteria, showing the importance of careful implementation of algorithms for diagnostic purposes.

Iterative reconstruction algorithms performed differently on all evaluated criteria, showing the importance of careful implementation of algorithms for diagnostic purposes.

Sportomics is the application of metabolomics to study the metabolism shifts of individuals that practice sports or do physical exercise. This aim was reached by the analysis of low molecular weight metabolites (<1.5 kDa) present in biological fluids such as blood, saliva or urine.

In this study, authors performed a

H-NMR analysis of urine from 21 professional soccer players collected at 3 different time points during the preseason preparation period before the beginning of Serie A Championship (first division) in Italy.

Urine profile changed during the observational period. In particular, significant variations were observed for trimethylamine-N-oxide, dimethylamine, hippuric acid, hypoxanthine, guanidoacetic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, citric acid and creatine. These modifications could be related to the diet, training and microbiota. For instance, trimethylamine-N-oxide and hippuric acid are both of dietary origins but are also related to the microbiota, while 3-hydroxy-butyric acid is associated with the type of physical exercise.

This is the first sportomics study ever performed on professional soccer players, according to authors’ knowledge. In the future, sportomics could be applied in a tailored way to choose the best diet and training program in the single individual to obtain the best possible performances and to prevent injuries of athletes.

This is the first sportomics study ever performed on professional soccer players, according to authors’ knowledge. In the future, sportomics could be applied in a tailored way to choose the best diet and training program in the single individual to obtain the best possible performances and to prevent injuries of athletes.

The aim of this study was to compare the running kinematics and the spring mass model mechanics over an entire half-marathon race in male and female athletes on different slopes (-7%, 0% and +7%).

59 recreational runners (39 males and 20 females) participated in this study. Their running steps at own best self-selected speed were video recorded during a half-marathon (i.e. in ecological conditions) the kinematic variables (i.e. running speed, stride length and frequency, contact and flight time) were calculated, as well as the spring-mass characteristics (i.e. leg and vertical stiffness) of their running steps.

Males were able to run with greater speeds and lengths compared to females (P<0.001) but with lower flight times (P<0.05), and they reached higher values of both leg and vertical stiffness (P<0.001). During downhill running, step lengths were larger compared to the level and the uphill (+6%) whereas frequencies slightly decreased (-2%), and aerial times were the greatest ones (+17%). During uphill running, contact times were slightly higher compared to other conditions (+3%), and leg stiffness reached the lowest values (-8%).