OBJECTIVES To investigate the risk of hospitalized fall or hip fracture among older adults using mental health services. find more DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Residents of a South London catchment aged >60 years receiving specialist mental health care between 2008 and 2016. MEASURES Falls and/or a hip fracture leading to hospitalization were ascertained from linked national records. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were age- and gender-standardized to the catchment population. Multivariable survival analyses were applied investigating falls and/or hip fractures as outcomes. RESULTS In 22,103 older adults, incidence rates were 60.1 per 1000 person-years for hospitalized falls and 13.7 per 1000 person-years for hip fractures, representing standardized IRRs of 2.17 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.07-2.28] and 4.18 (3.79-4.60), respectively. The IRR for falls was high in those with substance-use disorder [IRR = 6.72 (5.35-8.33)], bipolar disorder [IRR = 3.62 (2.50-5.05)], depression [IRR = 2.28 (2.00-2.59)], and stress-related disorders [IRR = 2.57 (2.10-3.11)]. Hip fractures were increased in all populations (IRR > 2.5), with greatest risk in substance use disorders [IRR = 12.64 (7.22-20.52)], dementia [IRR = 4.38 (3.82-5.00)], and delirium [IRR = 4.03 (3.00-5.29)]. Comparing mental disorder subgroups with each other, after the adjustment for 25 potential confounders, patients with dementia and substance use had a significantly increased risk of falls, and patients with dementia also had an increased risk of hip fractures. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Older people using mental health services have more than double the incidence of falls and 4 times the incidence of hip fractures compared to the general population. Although incidences differ between diagnostic subgroups, all groups have a higher incidence than the general population. Targeted interventions to prevent falls and hip fractures among older adult mental health service users are urgently needed. Improving work participation for individuals with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), has gained increasing interest over the last 10 years. New approaches are based upon increasing adoption of a biopsychosocial approach to improving work participation, incorporating evidence that health professionals within multidisciplinary teams have a key and critical role. In particular, interaction between health professionals and employers, and rehabilitation services that are linked to the workplace are key elements for improving work participation for people with RMDs. This review outlines recent research that underpins approaches for health professionals to develop their role in improving work participation for people with RMDs based on recent research; it outlines how to measure work-related outcomes in clinical practice, models of work participation, and approaches for health professionals to improve work participation outcomes. The potential for developing the role of health professionals in future years is also outlined. A 44-year-old woman, victim of a road accident in Mali was diagnosed with left knee arthritis. Joint effusion aspiration and subcutaneous surgical biopsies were positive for a melanized asexual ascomycete. Using microscopy and molecular biology, the fungus was identified as Curvularia sp. In vitro antifungal susceptibility was determined by the EUCAST broth microdilution reference technique and by E-test. The patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B before posaconazole relay. Mycological samples obtained 10 days after starting the antifungal therapy by liposomal amphotericin B were negative in culture. Curvularia spp. are environmental fungi which can under certain conditions be pathogenic for humans. BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate potential risk factors associated with benign lesions and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) in patients presenting with proximal biliary strictures (PBS). METHODS Patients with PBS who were referred to a specialist HPB centre between 2008 and 2016 were identified. Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, metastatic PHC or hilar obstruction by a peripheral tumour were excluded. The final diagnosis was determined either by (1) resection histology or (2) combination of biopsy and clinical course. Multivariable analysis of clinical, laboratory and radiological data was undertaken to identify independent predictors of benign and malignant lesions. RESULTS 155 consecutive patients were identified, including 25 patients (16%) with benign PBS. Abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR] 3.36; p = 0.027), serum CA19.9  less then  100 U/ml (OR 10.35; p = 0.001), and absence of mass on imaging (OR 4.66; p = 0.004) were all associated with the presence of benign lesions on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study has identified several independent variables that may differentiate between benign and malignant proximal biliary strictures. A larger multi-institutional study would be warranted to validate these findings, and to develop a risk score to stratify patients with suspected PHC. INTRODUCTION Novel estrogen therapy has the potential to be efficacious, with a favorable adverse event profile, in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We performed a phase 2 trial to assess the ability of GTx-758, an oral selective estrogen receptor alpha agonist, to result in a ≥ 50% PSA decline by day 90, modulate free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, and affect estrogen deficiency adverse events. PATIENTS AND METHODS CRPC patients received GTx-758 in two dose cohorts, 125 and 250 mg/d. The primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects who experienced a ≥ 50% PSA decline by day 90. Secondary endpoints included changes in testosterone, SHBG, bone turnover markers, and hot flashes, as well as safety. RESULTS Four (10.5%) of 38 (95% CI, 2.9, 24.8; P = .120) and 10 (25.6%) of 39 patients (95% CI, 13.0, 42.1; P  less then .001) in the GTx-758 125 and 250 mg/d cohorts, respectively, experienced ≥ 50% PSA decline. SHBG was increased, providing a mechanism for notable decreases in free testosterone.