In addition, we highlight how the activity of these drugs can be related to the role of biological essential metal ions. Overall, this may allow a deeper description and understanding of the antineoplastic activity of both approved or experimental metal complexes, providing important insights for the synthesis of new inorganic drugs able to overcome resistance and recurrence phenomena.Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been widely applied in drug and gene delivery. More than twenty years ago, DoxilTM was the first LNPs-based drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Since then, with decades of research and development, more and more LNP-based therapeutics have been used to treat diverse diseases, which often offer the benefits of reduced toxicity and/or enhanced efficacy compared to the active ingredients alone. Here, we provide a review of recent advances in the development of efficient and robust LNPs for drug/gene delivery. We emphasize the importance of rationally combining experimental and computational approaches, especially those providing multiscale structural and functional information of LNPs, to the design of novel and powerful LNP-based delivery systems.

Since the introduction of endovascular methods to treat cerebral aneurysms, several technical advances have allowed a greater number of aneurysms to be treated endovascularly as opposed to open surgical clipping. These include flow diverting stents, which do not utilize coils and instead treat aneurysms by acting as an “internal bypass.” We sought to investigate whether flow diversion is replacing coiling at our institution.

A retrospective chart review on five years of data was conducted to investigate the possible increasing use of flow diversion devices compared to traditional simple or stent-assisted coiling.

Over five years, the population revealed a trend toward an increased proportion of female patients, increased frequency of basilar tip and internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm location, increased hospital volume, and increased volume of patients treated by dual-trained neurosurgeons over interventional radiologists. Patients were stratified by aneurysm location and statistically significant differences were observed. Flow diversion devices were used with increasing frequency when treating aneurysms arising from the proximal internal carotid artery (Odds ratio (OR)=1.24, 95% CI 1.02-1.50; p = 0.03), and middle cerebral artery (OR=2.60, 95% CI 1.38-4.88; p = 0.003). Distal internal carotid artery aneurysm location came close to achieving statistical significance (OR=1.3, 95% CI 0.99-1.72; p = 0.063).

In our single center experience at Houston Methodist Hospital, flow diversion devices are being used more frequently for aneurysms arising from the proximal ICA, MCA, and likely distal ICA (though this third location barely failed to achieve statistical significance.

In our single center experience at Houston Methodist Hospital, flow diversion devices are being used more frequently for aneurysms arising from the proximal ICA, MCA, and likely distal ICA (though this third location barely failed to achieve statistical significance.

An increased leukocyte count is positively associated with poor outcomes and all-cause mortality in coronary heart disease, cancer, and ischemic stroke. The role of leukocyte count in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains important. We aimed to investigate the association between admission leukocyte count before thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and 3-month outcomes in AIS patients.

This retrospective study included consecutive AIS patients who received intravenous (IV) rt-PA within 4.5 h of symptom onset between January 2016 to December 2018. We assessed outcomes, including short-term hemorrhagic transformation (HT), 3-month mortality, and functional independence (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0-2 or 0-1).

Among 579 patients who received IV rt-PA, 77 (13.3%) exhibited HT at 24 h, 43 (7.4%) died within 3 months, and 211 (36.4%) exhibited functional independence (mRS score 0-2). Multivariable logistic regression revealed admission leukocyte count as an independent predictor of good and excellent outcomes at 3 months. Each 1-point increase in admission leukocyte count increased the odds of poor outcomes at 3 months by 7.6% (mRS score 3-6, odds ratio [OR] 1.076, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.003-1.154, p=0.041) and 7.8% (mRS score 2-6, OR 1.078, 95% CI 1.006-1.154, p=0.033). Multivariable regression analysis revealed no association between HT and 3-month mortality. Admission neutrophil and lymphocyte count were not associated with 3– month functional outcomes or 3-month mortality.

A lower admission leukocyte count independently predicts good and excellent outcomes at 3 months in AIS patients undergoing rt-PA treatment.

A lower admission leukocyte count independently predicts good and excellent outcomes at 3 months in AIS patients undergoing rt-PA treatment.New technologies are currently investigated with the aim to improve the quality of foods by enhancing their nutritional value, freshness, safety and shelf-life, as well as by improving their tastes, flavours and textures. Moreover, new technological approaches are being explored, in this field, to address nutritional and metabolism-related diseases (i.e., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), to improve targeted nutrition, in particular for specific lifestyles and elderly population, and to maintain sustainability of food production. A number of new processes and materials, derived from micro- and nano-technology, have been used to provide answers to many of these needs, and offer the possibility to control and manipulate properties of foods and their ingredient sat molecular level. SGC 0946 chemical structure The present review focuses on the importance of micro- and nano-technology in the food and nutritional sector and, in particular, provides an overview of the micro- and nano-materials used for the administration of nutritional constituents essential to maintain and improve health, as well as to prevent the development and complications of diseases.