Average postoperative observation period was 16.5 months. Hypertrophic scar formation was observed postoperatively at 9 wound sites out of the 12 sites with GCMN removed with a dermatome and at only 1 site with GCMN removed by curettage with use of a hydrosurgery system. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, hypertrophic scar formation was associated with age at surgery.

In cultured epidermal autograft transplantation for GCMN, nevus tissue removal at an early age by curettage with use of a hydrosurgery system can provide good results while reducing complications, including recurrence and hypertrophic scar formation.

In cultured epidermal autograft transplantation for GCMN, nevus tissue removal at an early age by curettage with use of a hydrosurgery system can provide good results while reducing complications, including recurrence and hypertrophic scar formation.

Tissue expansion is a versatile reconstructive technique providing well-vascularized local tissue. The current literature focuses largely on tissue expansion for breast reconstruction and in the context of burn and pediatric skin/soft tissue replacement; however, less traditional applications are also prevalent. The aim of this study was to systematically review the utilization of tissue expansion in such less well-characterized circumstances.

The authors conducted a systematic review of all publications describing non-breast applications of tissue expansion. Variables regarding expander specifications, expansion process, and complications were collected and further analyzed.

A total of 565 publications were identified. Of these, 166 publications described tissue expansion for “less traditional” indications, which fell into 5 categories ear reconstruction, cranioplasty, abdominal wall reconstruction, orthopedic procedures, and genital (penile/scrotal and vaginal/vulva) reconstruction. While lower extremhey obviate the need for free tissue transfer. Although tissue expansion comes with inherent risk, aggregate outcome failures of the final reconstruction are similar to published rates of complications without pre-expansion. Thus, although tissue expansion requires a staged approach, it remains a valuable option in facilitating a variety of reconstructive procedures.The reconstruction of complex tissue defects in the lumbar and gluteal areas is a surgical challenge. The use of freestyle perforator-based flaps has gained popularity in the reconstruction of these defects due to several advantages versatility, minimal donor-site morbidity, and tension-free closure. read more The present study reports the outcome of using a dual coverage of lumbar and gluteal defects with a gluteus maximus rotation flap as a deep layer and a freestyle propeller perforator-based flap as a superficial layer.

A retrospective analysis of 18 patients who had a dual coverage of complex wounds of the lumbar and the gluteal areas was conducted. Different propeller flaps were used as superior gluteal artery perforator flap (SGAP), inferior gluteal artery perforator flap (IGAP), and posterior thigh perforator flap (PTP).

The study included 15 men and 3 women. The mean age was 26.3 years. The causes of the defects were pressure ulcers in 14 patients and post-traumatic in 4 patients. A total of 28 freestyle flaps was used 11 patients had 1 flap, 4 had 2 flaps, and 3 had 3 flaps. The mean postoperative follow-up was 12.2 months. The complications registered in the medical records were venous congestion in 2 patients, partial flap necrosis in 2 patients, and wound dehiscence in 1 patient.

A freestyle propeller perforator-based flap combined with a gluteus maximus muscle flap is a solution that provides well-padding over bony prominence with a low complication rate. However, a long-term follow-up is needed to verify these results.

A freestyle propeller perforator-based flap combined with a gluteus maximus muscle flap is a solution that provides well-padding over bony prominence with a low complication rate. However, a long-term follow-up is needed to verify these results.A 48-year-old man with a protruding tumor on the parietal region had undergone treatment of alopecia using artificial synthetic fibers 2 or 3 times a year for 10 years from 30 to 39 years old. Three months before the first consultation at our hospital, he noticed a small tumor that had gradually shown bleeding and discharge, with expansion of the affected area. A diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was made based on a biopsy, and we resected the tumor with a 1-cm surgical margin from the reddened area around the protruding tumor (14 × 11 cm), including the periosteum membrane. No tight adhesion was found between the periosteum and skull, so we excised the outer table of the skull of the central part (diameter 8 cm) for a pathological analysis. A pathological study showed moderately differentiated SCC with a negative surgical margin. The whole tumor was surrounded by scar tissue with buried artificial hair implants. The second surgery was performed on the 15th postoperative day. An anterolateral thigh flap was divided into 2 flaps to fit the circle-shaped wound. This is the second report of SCC developing after artificial hair implantation in the frontal-parietal scalp. The whole protruding tumor was surrounded by scar tissue with buried artificial hair implants. Proving the direct causal relationship between inflammation of scar tissue and SCC generation is difficult; however, our pathological findings support the possibility of the harmful effects of artificial hair implants.Few studies have evaluated vascularized nerve grafts (VNGs) for facial nerve (CNVII) reconstruction. We sought to evaluate long-term outcomes for CNVII recovery following reconstruction with VNGs. A retrospective review of all patients at a tertiary centre who underwent radical parotidectomy and immediate CNVII reconstruction with VNGs was performed (January 2009-December 2019). Preoperative demographics, perioperative factors (flap type, source of VNGs), and postoperative factors [complications, adjuvant therapy, revisionary procedures, length of follow-up, and CNVII function via the House-Brackmann scale (HB)] were collected. Data were summarized qualitatively. Twelve patients (Mage = 53 ± 18 years) with a mean follow-up of 33 (± 23) months were included. Six patients underwent reconstruction with a radial forearm flap and dorsal sensory branches of the radial nerve. Six patients underwent reconstruction with an anterolateral thigh flap and only deep motor branches of the femoral nerve to the vastus lateralis (n = 4) or combined with the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (n = 2).