The special flexed posterior-anterior views of the X-ray image (the f-PA view) of the forearms were obtained, and the forearm rotation angle and the ulnar inner rotation angle were measured on each forearm. The RPA was measured on the f-PA view, and the lengths of the osseous synostosis, ulna, and the radial head were measured on the computed tomography scan images using the multiplanar reconstruction function. The Pearson index was analyzed between the RPA and the other measurements. RESULTS The RPAs were correlated with the forearm rotation angle, ulnar inner rotation angle, relative length of the osseous synostosis, and the relative length of the radial head (P less then 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The RPA can be measured quickly and easily on the f-PA view of the X-ray image and can be used as a reliable indicator of the severity of CPRUS.BACKGROUND Preoperative localization of the perforators allows precise planning of the flap design and improves surgical efficiency. Recently, infrared thermography is introduced as a reliable alternative, where the perforator corresponds to the “hot spot” on the thermogram. This study aims to compare the application of color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and infrared thermography in preoperative perforator mapping of the anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap. PATIENTS AND METHODS From September 2017 to January 2019, CDU and infrared thermography were both applied on 20 patients to locate the perforators originated from lateral circumflex femoral artery preoperatively. The perforators identified using each modality were marked on the anterolateral thigh region. The accuracy of both mapping methods was analyzed according to the intraoperative findings. The relation between location bias and the thickness of subcutaneous tissue was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 20 ALT flaps were included. Fifty-three perforators were detected by CDU, and 51 “hot spots” were identified by infrared thermography, in which 50 “hot spots” corresponded to CDU, and the consistency test showed that the κ index was 0.712 (P 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared with CDU, infrared thermography can be used to locate perforators, in this case, the ALT perforators, with a high degree of consistency. It is portable, economical, noninvasive, and easy to operate. It has higher accuracy in patients with thinner subcutaneous tissue. We believe that infrared thermography can be a useful technique for perforator mapping, especially in patients where the subcutaneous tissue is thinner.PURPOSE Fingertip defect is more common in emergency hand trauma in the hospital, and most of them are accompanied by defects of the phalanx and nail bed. There are many methods in clinic for the repair of Yamano zone I fingertip injury. This article reports the repair of this type of injury using a lateral flap based on the distal transverse arch of the digital artery. METHODS From January 2015 to May 2018, the flap was used in 32 digits of 32 patients who had a fingertip injury. There were 23 men and 9 women with a mean age of 37.6 years. The injured fingers requiring reconstruction included 6 thumb, 11 index fingers, 9 middle fingers, 4 ring fingers, and 2 little fingers. Soft tissue defect range from 1.5 cm × 1.0 cm to 2.5 cm × 2.1 cm. The time of injury to emergency surgery was 1 to 7.5 hours, with a mean time of 3.2 hours. Fingertip reconstruction was performed using a lateral flap based on the distal transverse arch of the digital artery. RESULTS All flaps survived completely after 1 to 1.5 years of follow-up, without evidence of postoperative insufficiency of blood supply or venous congestion. A-485 clinical trial Healing of all donor sites was uncomplicated. No infectious complications were observed. The range of motion of the 32 fingers was excellent; For sweating, 17 fingers were excellent, 10 were good, and 5 were fair (poor sweating was found in the grafting site of the finger). The mean static 2-point discrimination scores on the reconstructed pulp were 5.2 mm (range, 3-9 mm). According to the Cold Intolerance Severity Score, 28 patients reported no cold intolerance, 3 reported mild cold intolerance, and 1 reported moderate cold intolerance. On the basis of the visual analog scale, 30 patients had no pain, 1 reported mild pain, and 1 experienced moderate pain. Positive Tinel sign was found in only 1 reconstructed finger. CONCLUSION It is a new surgical technique that provides good shape and sensory function to the fingers and is simple to operate.BACKGROUND Trauma can cause large defects in the weight-bearing foot sole. The reconstruction of such defects poses a major challenge in providing a flap that is durable, sensate, and stable. The pedicled medial plantar flap has been commonly used for reconstructing heel and plantar forefoot defects; however, the ipsilateral instep region is usually compromised by trauma. The purpose of this article was to report the use of contralateral free medial plantar flaps for the coverage of weight-bearing plantar defects and to compare these with distant free flaps. METHODS Between 2005 and 2019, 15 patients (10 men and 5 women) with weight-bearing foot plantar defects were treated with a contralateral medial plantar flap, 11 (7 men and 4 women) with either a latissimus dorsi flap or a scapular flap. The average age was 18.07 ± 10.14 years (range, 4-34 years) and 26.55 ± 13.05 years (range, 13-56 years), respectively. Surgery was performed as a primary or secondary reconstruction after a trauma by the same surgical tne loss.BACKGROUND Femoral nerve palsy can cause loss in quadriceps function and knee extension disability, which may lead to severe lower extremity impairment. The obturator nerve trunk transfer in the pelvic, the obturator nerve mortal branches transfer out of the pelvic, along with nerve graft, was introduced years ago to restore femoral nerve function. However, the outcomes of these procedures have never been compared. The aims of this study were to give our experiences in surgical reconstruction for femoral nerve injury and to compare the outcomes of different approaches. METHODS Nine patients with complete femoral nerve injury have been enrolled in this study between March 2012 and July 2016. All patients were followed up for at least 2 years after surgical intervention for sural nerve graft (n = 3), obturator trunk transfer in the pelvic (n = 2), or obturator nerve mortal branches transfer out of the pelvic (n = 4). RESULTS All patients gained satisfactory quadriceps Medical Research Council grade (M3-M4+) after more than 2 years of follow-up.