The results allow characterization of high molecular weight PBPs as enzymes and not merely the targets of β-lactam acylation.Comprehensive mercury (Hg) budgets were constructed in two typical subtropical forests in southern China in 2014 to quantify Hg (gaseous elemental Hg, Hg0, and reactive Hg, HgII) input and output fluxes and Hg retention in forests, consequently exploring the roles of subtropical forests in the global Hg cycle. At site Qianyanzhou, representing a background region with an enhanced atmospheric Hg0 concentration, the total HgII deposition (67.7 μg·m-2·year-1, 73% as dry HgII deposition) was found to be slightly higher than the Hg0 emission above the canopy (58.5 μg·m-2·year-1), indicating that the forest is a minor Hg sink but a significant net Hg0 source on a yearly basis. In contrast, the forest in the moderately polluted region (site Huitong) acted as a significant Hg sink but a minor net Hg0 source with a higher HgII deposition (73.7 μg·m-2·year-1) and relatively negligible Hg0 emission (2.65 μg·m-2·year-1). selleck chemicals llc The decreasing atmospheric Hg0 concentrations declined the total Hg sink based on the Hg budgets synthesized of this and previous studies and may promote forest Hg0 emissions. Consequently, it was expected that the re-emission of historically deposited Hg may be enhanced from subtropical forests by recent decreases in atmospheric Hg0 concentrations throughout China.Bacterial infections remain a major threat to humanity and are a leading cause of death and disability. Antimicrobial resistance has been declared as one of the top ten threats to human health by the World Health Organization, and new technologies are urgently needed for the early diagnosis and monitoring of deep-seated and complicated infections in hospitalized patients. This review summarizes the radiotracers as applied to imaging of bacterial infections. We summarize the recent progress in the development of pathogen-specific imaging and the application of radiotracers in understanding drug pharmacokinetics as well as the local biology at the infection sites. We also highlight the opportunities for medicinal chemists in radiotracer development for bacterial infections, with an emphasis on target selection and radiosynthetic approaches. Imaging of infections is an emerging field. Beyond clinical applications, these technologies could provide unique insights into disease pathogenesis and expedite bench-to-bedside translation of new therapeutics.The utility of the bulky aryloxide ligands 2,6-Ad2-4-Me-C6H2O- (Ad,Ad,MeArO-) and 2,6-Ad2-4-t-Bu-C6H2O- (Ad,Ad,t-BuArO-; Ad = 1-adamantyl) for stabilizing the Y(II) ion is reported and compared with the results with 2,6-t-Bu2-4-Me-C6H2O- (Ar’O-). In contrast to the reduction product obtained from reducing Y(OAr’)3 with potassium graphite, which is only stable in solution for 60 s at room temperature, KC8 reduction of Y(OArAd,Ad,t-Bu)3 in THF in the presence of 2.2.2-cryptand (crypt) produces the room-temperature stable, crystallographically characterizable Y(II) aryloxide [K(crypt)][Y(OArAd,Ad,t-Bu)3]. The X-band EPR spectrum at 77 K shows an axial pattern with resonances centered at g⊥ = 1.97 and g∥ = 2.00 and hyperfine coupling constants of A⊥ = 156.5 G and A∥ = 147.8 G and at room temperature shows an isotropic pattern with giso = 1.98 and Aiso = 153.3 G, which is consistent with an S = 1/2 spin system with nuclear spin I = 1/2 for the 89Y isotope (100% natural abundance).Unpaired electrons of organic radicals can offer high electrical conductivity without doping, but they typically suffer from low stability. Herein, we report two organic diradicaloids based on quinoidal oligothiophene derivative (QOT), that is, BTICN and QTICN, with high stability and conductivity by employing imide-bridged fused molecular frameworks. The attachment of a strong electron-withdrawing imide group to the tetracyano-capped QOT backbones enables extremely deeply aligned LUMO levels (from -4.58 to -4.69 eV), cross-conjugated diradical characters, and remarkable ambient stabilities of the diradicaloids with half-lives > 60 days, which are among the highest for QOT diradicals and also the widely explored polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-based diradicals. Specifically, QTICN based on a tetrathiophene imide exhibits a cross-conjugation assisted self-doping in the film state as revealed by XPS and Raman studies. This property in combination with its ordered packing yields a high electrical conductivity of 0.34 S cm-1 for the QTICN films with substantial ambient stability, which is also among the highest values in organic radical-based undoped conductive materials reported to date. When used as an n-type thermoelectric material, QTICN shows a promising power factor of 1.52 uW m-1 K-2. Our results not only provide new insights into the electron conduction mechanism of the self-doped QOT diradicaloids but also demonstrate the great potential of fused quinoidal oligothiophene imides in developing stable diradicals and high-performance doping-free n-type conductive materials.Osmotic power has emerged as one of the promising candidates for clean and renewable energy. However, the advancement of present osmotic power-harvesting technologies, specifically pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) in this work, is hindered by the unsatisfactory membrane transport properties. Herein, we demonstrate the freestanding transition-metal carbides and graphene oxide hybrid membranes as high-performance PRO membranes. Due to the elimination of internal concentration polarization, the freestanding hybrid membrane can achieve a record-high power density up to approximately 56.4 W m-2 with 2.0 M NaCl as the draw solution and river water (0.017 M) as the feed water at an applied hydraulic pressure difference of 9.66 bar. In addition, the hybrid membranes exhibit enhanced antifouling potential and antibacterial activity. The facile fabrication of the hybrid membranes shed light on a new membrane development platform for the highly anticipated osmotic power-harvesting technologies.The use of charge-reducing reagents to generate lower-charge ions has gained popularity in the field of native mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS). This is because the lower number of charged sites decreases the propensity for Coulombic repulsions and unfolding/restructuring, helping to preserve the native-like structure. Furthermore, lowering the charge state consequently increases the mass-to-charge values (m/z), effectively increasing spacing between signals originating from small mass differences, such as different proteoforms or protein-drug complexes. IM-MS yields collision cross section (CCS, Ω) values that provide information about the three-dimensional structure of the ion. Traveling wave IM (TWIM) is an established and expanding technique within the native MS field. TWIM measurements require CCS calibration, which is achieved via the use of standard species of known CCS. Current databases for native-like proteins and protein complexes provide CCS values obtained using normal (i.