Together, our work defines a developmental program coordinating phenotypic switching.

To examine the association of any type of maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and neonatal congenital heart diseases (CHD).

We compared the prevalence of CHD between neonates born to mothers with HDP to those delivered to mothers without HDP among 24,525,889 hospital records of living infants, from a national database. We controlled for multiple confounding factors by using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Infants delivered to mothers with HDP had higher prevalence of CHD compared to infants born to mothers without HDP [5.20% vs. 1.47%; aOR 2.51(2.38-2.64), p < 0.001]. Maternal diabetes was more frequent among infants born to mothers with HDP and was independently associated with CHD [aOR 5.14 (5.04-5.23), p < 0.001].

Infants born to mothers with hypertension had almost a threefold increase in CHD compared with those born to mothers without hypertension. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanism and direction of this association.

Infants born to mothers with hypertension had almost a threefold increase in CHD compared with those born to mothers without hypertension. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanism and direction of this association.

To investigate the frequency with which neonatal and maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) providers perform joint periviability counseling (JPC), compare content of counseling, and identify perceived barriers to JPC.

An anonymous REDCap survey was e-mailed to members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine and to members of the Society for MFM.

There were 424 neonatal and 115 MFM participants. Fifty-two percent of neonatal and 35% of MFM respondents reported rarely/never performing JPC (p < 0.001), while 80% and 82%, respectively felt it would improve counseling. Content of counseling was similar, except for length of stay with 93% of neonatal vs. 85% of MFM respondents addressing this (p = 0.03). see more The majority (>60%) of respondents in both groups reported that clinical duties posed a significant/great barrier to JPC.

JPC is recommended but infrequently performed, with both specialties interested in further collaboration to strengthen the counseling provided.

JPC is recommended but infrequently performed, with both specialties interested in further collaboration to strengthen the counseling provided.Osteoarthritis (OA), primarily characterized by articular cartilage destruction, is the most common form of age-related degenerative whole-joint disease. No disease-modifying treatments for OA are currently available. Although OA is primarily characterized by cartilage destruction, our understanding of the processes controlling OA progression is poor. Here, we report the association of OA with increased levels of osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), an immunoglobulin-like collagen-recognition receptor. In mice, OSCAR deletion abrogates OA manifestations, such as articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone sclerosis, and hyaline cartilage loss. These effects are a result of decreased chondrocyte apoptosis, which is caused by the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in induced OA. Treatments with human OSCAR-Fc fusion protein attenuates OA pathogenesis caused by experimental OA. Thus, this work highlights the function of OSCAR as a catabolic regulator of OA pathogenesis, indicating that OSCAR blockade is a potential therapy for OA.Heat is detrimental for the operation of quantum systems, yet it fundamentally behaves according to quantum mechanics, being phase coherent and universally quantum-limited regardless of its carriers. Due to their robustness, superconducting circuits integrating dissipative elements are ideal candidates to emulate many-body phenomena in quantum heat transport, hitherto scarcely explored experimentally. However, their ability to tackle the underlying full physical richness is severely hindered by the exclusive use of a magnetic flux as a control parameter and requires complementary approaches. Here, we introduce a dual, magnetic field-free circuit where charge quantization in a superconducting island enables thorough electric field control. We thus tune the thermal conductance, close to its quantum limit, of a single photonic channel between two mesoscopic reservoirs. We observe heat flow oscillations originating from the competition between Cooper-pair tunnelling and Coulomb repulsion in the island, well captured by a simple model. Our results highlight the consequences of charge-phase conjugation on heat transport, with promising applications in thermal management of quantum devices and design of microbolometers.The 2011 accident at Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant released a considerable inventory of radioactive material into the local and global environments. While the vast majority of this contamination was in the form of gaseous and aerosol species, of which a large component was distributed out over the neighbouring Pacific Ocean (where it was subsequently deposited), a substantial portion of the radioactive release was in particulate form and was deposited across Fukushima Prefecture. To provide an underpinning understanding of the dynamics of this catastrophic accident, alongside assisting in the off-site remediation and eventual reactor decommissioning activities, the ‘International Particle Analysis Database’, or ‘IPAD’, was established to serve as an interactive repository for the continually expanding analysis dataset of the sub-mm ejecta particulate. In addition to a fully interrogatable database of analysis results for registered users (exploiting multiple search methods), the database also comprises an open-access front-end for members of the public to engage with the multi-national analysis activities by exploring a streamlined version of the data.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.Thermal rectification is an exotic thermal transport phenomenon which allows heat to transfer in one direction but block the other. We demonstrate an unusual dual-mode solid-state thermal rectification effect using a heterogeneous “irradiated-pristine” polyethylene nanofiber junction as a nanoscale thermal diode, in which heat flow can be rectified in both directions by changing the working temperature. For the nanofiber samples measured here, we observe a maximum thermal rectification factor as large as ~50%, which only requires a small temperature bias of less then 10 K. The tunable nanoscale thermal diodes with large rectification and narrow temperature bias open up new possibilities for developing advanced thermal management, energy conversion and, potentially thermophononic technologies.