Astrocyte ALDH2 deficiency abolished ethanol-induced GABA elevation. The ethanol metabolite acetate produced anti-nociception and increased GABA synthesis in a manner similar to ethanol. I.T. delivery of either GABA

or GABA

receptor antagonists prevented ethanol and acetate-induced analgesia.

These findings provide evidence that…[Read more]

We previously demonstrated that the transcription factor Grainyhead-like 3 (GRHL3) has essential functions in endothelial cells by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting migration as well as activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). We now show that a large portion of the protein is localized to myo-endothelial projections of murine…[Read more]

Bioluminescence has been recognized as an important means for inter- and intra-species communication. A growing number of reports of red fluorescence occurring in keratinaceous materials have become available. The fluorophore(s) in these cases were shown to be, or suspected to be, free base porphyrins. The red fluorescence found in the downs of…[Read more]

increase at 12 months were significantly affected by the difference of prior treatment and are predicted by the early change in bone turnover markers.

Forestier’s disease or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a common, yet underreported, disease affecting the elderly population. From an otolaryngologic perspective, DISH may…[Read more]