The increase in the number of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) lesions has prompted use of minimally invasive therapies, including Photodynamic therapy (PDT). . The objective of the present work was to analyze the efficacy of methyl aminolevulinate-mediated photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) in patients suffering from superficial or nodular BCCs.

A total of 220 BCC lesions (76 superficial and 144 nodular), clinically diagnosed and confirmed by histopathology analysis, were treated in 174 patients (mean age 72.5). Debulking using curettage was performed before two or three MAL-PDT sessions (λ = 630 nm; 90 J/cm

; 23 min) at 4-week intervals. Analyses of clinical clearance and cosmetic outcome were carried out by direct examination, dermoscopy, photographs, as well as by fluorescence diagnosis using a Wood’s lamp. Evaluations were carried out at the different PDT sessions and follow-ups over a 3-year period.

MAL-PDT was safe and highly tolerated. After an average of 2.6 MAL-PDT sessions, the overall clearance rate at 3-year follow-up was 96.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 100 %-92 %) for superficial BCCs and 95.2 % (95 % [CI] 99 %-92 %) for nodular BCCs after an average of 2.7 sessions. Minimal side effects such as crushing, erythema and edema were reported. All BCC lesions showed excellent or good cosmetic results.

The protocol followed in the present study has shown that MAL-PDT is a safe and effective treatment for superficial and nodular types of BCC.

The protocol followed in the present study has shown that MAL-PDT is a safe and effective treatment for superficial and nodular types of BCC.Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by (a) capillary malformations, such as port-wine stain (PWS), and (b) pigmented lesions, such as pigmented trichoepidermal nevus, café-au-lait spots, and dermal melanocytosis with or without systemic damage. Severe pruritus has not previously been reported among PPV patients. Here, we report a pediatric case of PPV with severe pruritus, which was refractory to various long-term oral antiallergic agents and topical tacrolimus but was temporarily responsive to hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT). HMME-PDT is the latest technology used in treating PWS following the basic principle of targeted photodynamic destruction of the vascular wall of the lesion. Furthermore, many studies have confirmed the safety and efficacy of HMME-PDT for PWS in both adults and children. Specific pathophysiologic mechanisms and treatment methods must be further explored to advance our understanding of the disease and improve the quality of life in PPV patients.

Severe hypotension is a notable adverse event caused by administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) during photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor (PDD-TURBT). Hypotension can be prolonged following induction of anesthesia and may require continuous administration of a vasopressor. Here, we investigated the risk factors for severe hypotension caused by oral administration of 5-ALA.

A total of 128 patients with bladder tumors who underwent PDD-TURBT using 5-ALA were included in this study. Clinicopathological data were collected retrospectively and the correlations between the incidence of severe hypotension and clinicopathological factors were analyzed.

Severe hypotension developed in 8 cases (6.3 %). Age ≥ 80 years, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 (kg/m

), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 (mL/min/1.73 m

) were significantly correlated with severe hypotension (P = 0.003, 0.017, and 0.027, respectively). Severe hypotension developed in 1 of 89 cases (1.1 %) which have 0 or 1 risk factor, and in 3 of 31 cases (9.7 %) which have 2 risk factors, whereas it developed in 4 of 8 cases (50 %) which have all risk factors. Patients with all risk factors developed severe hypotension significantly more frequently compared with patients with 1 or fewer risk factors (P < 0.001).

Age ≥ 80 years, BMI ≥ 25, and eGFR < 45 are risk factors for severe hypotension in PDD-TURBT using 5-ALA. The risk of developing severe hypotension is extremely high in patients who have all factors. Adjustment of the 5-ALA dose may be desirable in those patients.

Age ≥ 80 years, BMI ≥ 25, and eGFR less then 45 are risk factors for severe hypotension in PDD-TURBT using 5-ALA. The risk of developing severe hypotension is extremely high in patients who have all factors. Adjustment of the 5-ALA dose may be desirable in those patients.A novel aromatic-imide-based, thermally activated delayed fluorescence material nano-micelle (TADF-NM) compound was prepared after being encapsulated with DSPE-mPEG2000 amphiphilic copolymers. TADF-NM has preferential characteristics such as biocompatibility, non-toxic and targeted ability, and importantly TADF-NM efficiently isolated oxygen to enhance the fluorescence lifetime, and prevented quenching for using time-resolved fluorescence imaging (TRFI) in tumor cells. The fluorescence lifetime of TADF-NM was about 212 μs in PBS and 112 μs in tumor cells, which was the longest in fluorescence lifetime images based on TADF materials. These studies have shown that TADF-NM have excellent potential ability to overcome the interference of auto-fluorescence while being applied in confocal fluorescence tumor imaging.The aim of this study was to analyze, in vitro, the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of primary teeth after final irrigation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) use. Twenty primary molars were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth were randomly distributed into four groups according to the irrigation solutions and PDT use G1 (Saline solution and no PDT use), G2 (17 % EDTA and no PDT use), G3 (Saline solution and PDT use) and G4 (17 % EDTA and PDT use). For PDT, 0.005 % toluidine blue was chosen as the photosensitizer, which was inserted in the canals with sterile paper cones. Bacterial counts were performed with a BHI test in blood agar plate, where bacteria were collected inside the canal for 30 s using sterile paper cones. The collection took place before and after the irrigation and PDT protocols. The samples were diluted, spread onto a blood agar plate and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Milciclib concentration There was a reduction of the microbiota from the irrigation solutions before and after the final irrigation for all groups.