The complement system plays a significant role within the pathological process of C3 glomerulopathy (C3GP) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). In daily practice, clinicians should differentiate the subgroups of C3GP because of they should apply different treatment modalities. In the past, C3GP was considered as a part of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). MPGN is defined as glomerular capillary thickening secondary to the synthesis of the new glomerular basement membrane and mesangial cellular hyperplasia with mesangial matrix expansion. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is an ultra-rare disease that can be outlined by the triad of Coombs negative microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Recent advances demonstrated that these diseases share common abnormalities of the control of the alternative complement system. Gleevec Therefore, nowadays, most researchers advocate that there may be overlap in the pathogenesis of C3GP and aHUS. This review will provide recent novel mechanisms and treatment options in these diseases. For the purposes that we mentioned above and to help clinicians, we aimed to describe the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of C3GP and aHUS in this comprehensive review.At the beginning of 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to a worldwide pandemic and mass panic. The number of infected people has been increasing exponentially since, and the mortality rate has also been concomitantly increasing. At present, no study has summarized the mortality risk of COVID-19 in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct a literature review and meta-analysis to understand the frequency of mortality among CKD patients infected with COVID-19. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted on the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to find articles published until May 15, 2020. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After careful screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3,867,367 patients from 12 studies were included. The mortality rate was significantly higher among CKD patients with COVID-19 infection than among CKD patients without COVID-19 infection, as indicated by a pooled OR of 5.81 (95% CI 3.78-8.94, P  less then  0.00001, I2 = 30%). The patients were then stratified into ≥ 70 and  less then  70 years, and subgroup analysis revealed that among CKD patients with COVID-19 infection, the mortality rate was higher in the  less then  70 years group (OR 8.69, 95% CI 7.56-9.97, P  less then  0.0001) than in the ≥ 70 years group (OR 2.44, 95% CI 0.75-6.63, P = 0.15). Thus, COVID-19 patients with CKD have a high mortality risk and require a comprehensive multidisciplinary management strategy.

To investigate the associations of endogenous testosterone with prostate growing disorders (PGD) including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCA).

The study population was composed by 1176 cases including 371 BPH subjects (31.5%) without cancer who underwent prostate transurethral resection from January 2017 to November 2019 and 805 patients (68.5%) with PCA who underwent surgery from November 2014 to December 2019. The association of endogenous testosterone, which was measured before surgery, with the risk of PGD was evaluated by statistical methods.

In the study population, endogenous testosterone levels were significantly lower in PCA cases compared to BPH patients who were older with larger prostates but lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. On multivariate analysis, the risk of PCA decreased by endogenous testosterone (odds ratio, OR = 0.957; 95%CI 0.930-0.984; p = 0.002) as by age (OR = 0.955; 95%CI 0.933-0.984; p < 0,0001) and prostate volume (OR = 0.930; 95% CI 0.919-0.940; p < 0.0001) but increased by PSA (OR = 1.652; 95%CI 1.542-1.769; p < 0.0001). On multivariate linear regression analysis, endogenous testosterone inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) (regression coefficient, b =  - 0.279; p = 0.002) and PCA (b =  - 2.935; p < 0.0001).

In the aging male, endogenous testosterone independently predicted malignant prostate disorders, which associated with decreased hormone levels along BMI categories. Endogenous testosterone is a further marker for evaluating prostate growing disorders in clinical practice; however, controlled studies are required.

In the aging male, endogenous testosterone independently predicted malignant prostate disorders, which associated with decreased hormone levels along BMI categories. Endogenous testosterone is a further marker for evaluating prostate growing disorders in clinical practice; however, controlled studies are required.

The present study aims to identify factors affecting quality of life in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

A total of 656 patients undergoing MHD in 10 hospitals in Beijing were enrolled. Patients aged ≥ 65years were allocated to the elderly group; patients aged < 65years were allocated to the non-elderly group. The patients’ quality of life was described based on their general situation, physiological function, cognitive status (which was assessed using the Basic Montreal Cognitive Assessment), and answers to the Kidney Disease Quality of Life

questionnaire.

Statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05) were observed in gender ratio, marital status, medical type, and sleep duration. Patients who did not live alone, had a higher average annual income, and had a longer sleep duration also had a higher cognitive ability. Total protein concentration and a depressive state were positive predictors of renal disease burden.

Age, underlying disease, and complications can affect the quality of life of patients on MHD.

Age, underlying disease, and complications can affect the quality of life of patients on MHD.

To assess patient satisfaction with the use of portable video media (PVM) for the purpose of taking informed consent for common urological outpatient procedures performed under local anaesthesia.

Patients undergoing the following procedures were approached for recruitment flexible cystoscopy with or without biopsy, transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy or flexible cystoscopy with insertion or removal of a ureteric stent. Audio-visual media were developed for each procedure, with each script translated from English into isiXhosa and Afrikaans. The study involved a cross-over for each patient between standard verbal consent (SVC) and PVM consent, with each patient randomised to start with SVC or PVM consent. Each of these consent arms was assessed via a questionnaire.

Sixty patients completed participation, with PVM as the first exposure for 28 patients and 32 patients receiving SVC as their first arm of the study. When comparing the overall satisfaction between SVC and PVM consent (the total scores out of 18 for the questionnaire), patients scored significantly higher for PVM consent (M = 16.