The median percentage of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was 30%, and the achieved rate of ODS in primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) was 65% and 80%, respectively. Most of the respondents required three to 6h for PDS (48.6%) and IDS (58.9%). Moreover, more than 50% depended on ultra-radical surgery conducted by specialists.

The ODS criteria are relatively lenient with a preference for NAC in 30% of the respondents in Asia. This trend might be associated with the dependence on aggressive surgery performed by specialists.

The ODS criteria are relatively lenient with a preference for NAC in 30% of the respondents in Asia. This trend might be associated with the dependence on aggressive surgery performed by specialists.

To correlate glycated albumin (GA) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and establish a novel formula for estimating HbA1c from GA.

We retrospectively enrolled 20,381 cases and excluded HbA1c and GA outliers by residual analysis. HbA1c ranged from 4.0-12.0% and GA from 7.5-45%. The HbA1c range of 4.0-8.0% in both sexes was stratified into eight groups with an increase of 0.5%, and the means of GA and HbA1c were compared. HbA1c was divided into 38 groups with increments of 0.1% (range, 4.3-8.0%), and the correlation between HbA1c and GA was investigated.

There was no significant sex-based difference between HbA1c and GA. The analysis showed that when HbA1c was 6.2% or GA was 12.28%, the linear relationship between the two parameters was not continuous. When HbA1c was <6.2% or GA < 12.28%, we devised the formula HbA1c = 1.136 × GA - 7.289 (R

 = 0.824). For HbA1c ≥ 6.2% or GA ≥ 12.28%, the equation was HbA1c = 0.252 × GA + 3.163 (R

 = 0.948).

A discontinuous linear relationship exists between HbA1c and GA when HbA1c is 6.2% or GA is 12.28%, although with a significant turning point. The GA value can be used to estimate the HbA1c value with the two regression equations to accurately estimate the long-term average blood glucose level of patients.

A discontinuous linear relationship exists between HbA1c and GA when HbA1c is 6.2% or GA is 12.28%, although with a significant turning point. The GA value can be used to estimate the HbA1c value with the two regression equations to accurately estimate the long-term average blood glucose level of patients.Does the relationship between the expression of HIV stigma beliefs and the practice of protective sexual behaviors vary by social context? To answer this question, we apply multilevel techniques to Demographic and Health Survey data from seven low HIV prevalence Latin American and Caribbean countries and seven high HIV prevalence Southern African countries to examine contextual variation in this relationship. We examine whether the relationship between stigma beliefs and sexual behaviors differs across these two sets of countries and across regions within each set of countries. We first find that in high prevalence Southern African countries, one unit increases in HIV stigma beliefs are associated with 8% declines in the odds of practicing protective sexual behaviors. Conversely, in low prevalence Latin American and Caribbean countries, unit increases in HIV stigma beliefs are associated with 8% increases in the odds of those same sexual behaviors. Second, the relationship between stigma beliefs and protective sexual behaviors varies across regions within each set of countries, with a wider variance in regional stigma effects located in Southern Africa than in Latin America and the Caribbean. Third, in Southern Africa, the negative effect of stigma beliefs is even more negative in regions where conservative stigma beliefs are pronounced. Overall, our findings demonstrate the importance of taking country and regional context into account when examining the degree to which HIV beliefs affect personal sexual behaviors, which in turn, can contribute to the spread of HIV. Importantly, the implications of our results offer potential guidance to experts who wish to design policies and programs aimed at reducing the expression of negative HIV beliefs towards those infected with HIV.Karunamuni et al.’s (2020) biopsychosocial-pathways (BPS-P) model provides an important framework for elaborating on Engel’s (1977) biopsychosocial (BPS) model of health. In particular, the BPS-P model improves on Engel’s by articulating and evidencing the multiple pathways between biological, psychological, and social influences on health and identifying mechanisms that might be implicated in these pathways. Yet its analytic treatment of these influences as “separate systems” means that, as with Engel’s model, the BPS-P model is more a list of ingredients than an integrated whole. In this commentary, following Haslam et al.’s (2019) specification of a sociopsychobio model, we underscore the value of a synthetic appreciation of biology, psychology, and society as dynamically interdependent aspects of an integrated whole which is more than just the sum of its parts and the pathways between them. learn more In particular, our alternative framework centres on an appreciation of people as social beings whose group memberships and associated social identities open up ‘changeways’ (not just pathways) that, as we have seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, can fundamentally restructure biology, psychology and society.Using nationally representative longitudinal data from 2010 to 2016 in China, this paper aims to systematically investigate the dynamic relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity in the Chinese adult population. We apply maximum likelihood estimations of dynamic panel models with fixed effects to evaluate the causal directions between SES and obesity, thus providing empirical evidence of the relative importance of the “social determination” hypothesis (SES determines obesity), the “health selection” hypothesis (obesity influences SES) and the “indirect selection” hypothesis (some third factors cause obesity and SES). All analyses were conducted for women and men separately. Our analyses mostly support the contention that after two years, there are no significant causal effects of either lagged SES on Body Mass Index (BMI) or BMI on SES, after controlling for time-invariant unobserved confounders. While there is weak evidence of social determination among men, non-manual workers tend to have a higher BMI than those who are unemployed.