PCSK9 is secreted into the circulation, mainly by the liver, and interacts with low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) homologous and non-homologous receptors, including CD36, thus favouring their intracellular degradation. As PCSK9 deficiency increases the expression of lipids and lipoprotein receptors, thus contributing to cellular lipid…[Read more]

A new type of “Geländer” molecule based on a ortho-tetraphenylene core is presented. The central para-quaterphenyl backbone is wrapped by a 4,4′-di((Z)-styryl)-1,1′-biphenyl banister, with its aryl rings covalently attached to all four phenyl rings of the backbone. The resulting helical chiral bicyclic architecture consists exclusively of sp2…[Read more]

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a population-based intelligent stochastic search technique used to search for food with the intrinsic manner of bee swarming. PSO is widely used to solve the diverse problems of optimization. Initialization of population is a critical factor in the PSO algorithm, which considerably influences the…[Read more]

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that is used as an immunopotentiator for anti-tumor therapies in recent years. We found that some of the extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) patients with the treatment of hGM-CSF rapidly experienced disease progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be…[Read more]