The markers’ high accuracy enabled easy probing and proper stent positioning in 13 neonates with a median age and weight of 121 days (range 9-356) and 4.7 kg (1.6-9.4) at the intervention. No procedural complications or unanticipated events associated with the radiopaque marker occurred. The markers were never lost, never migrated, and caused no local obstructive lesion. Surgical removal was straightforward in all patients. CONCLUSIONS Radiopaque markers are a promising and refined technique to substantially facilitate target vessel access and enabling the accurate positioning of stents during postoperative percutaneous procedures. Selleck Irbinitinib © 2020 The Authors. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Efficient electroreduction of carbon dioxide has been a widely pursued goal as a sustainable method to produce value-added chemicals while mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Processes have been demonstrated for the electroreduction of CO2 to CO at nearly 100% faradaic efficiency, and as a consequence, there has been growing interest in the further electroreduction of carbon monoxide. Oxide-derived copper catalysts have promising performance for the reduction of CO to hydrocarbons but have still been unable to achieve high selectivity to individual products. A pulsed-bias technique is one strategy for tuning electrochemical selectivity without changing the catalyst. Herein a pulsed-bias electroreduction of CO was investigated on oxide-derived copper catalyst. Increased selectivity for single-carbon products (i.e., formate and methane) was achieved for higher pulse frequencies ( less then 1 s pulse times), as well as an increase in the fraction of charge directed to CO reduction rather than hydrogen evolution. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Muller glia are the predominant glial cell type in the retina, and they structurally and metabolically support retinal neurons. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways play essential roles in the central nervous system, including glial and neuronal differentiation, axonal growth, and neuronal regeneration. We previously demonstrated that Wnt signaling activation in retinal ganglion cells (RGC) induces axonal regeneration after injury. However, whether Wnt signaling within the adjacent Muller glia plays an axongenic role is not known. In this study, we characterized the effect of Wnt signaling in Muller glia on RGC neurite growth. Primary Muller glia and RGC cells were grown in transwell co-cultures and adenoviral constructs driving Wnt regulatory genes were used to activate and inhibit Wnt signaling specifically in primary Muller glia. Our results demonstrated that activation of Wnt signaling in Muller glia significantly increased RGC average neurite length and branch site number. In addition, the secretome of Muller glia after induction or inhibition of Wnt signaling was characterized using protein profiling of conditioned media by Q Exactive mass spectrometry. The Muller glia secretome after activation of Wnt signaling had distinct and more numerous proteins involved in regulation of axon extension, axon projection and cell adhesion. Furthermore, we showed highly redundant expression of Wnt signaling ligands in Muller glia and Frizzled receptors in RGCs and Muller glia. Therefore, this study provides new information about potential neurite growth promoting molecules in the Muller glia secretome, and identified Wnt-dependent target proteins that may mediate the axonal growth. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The COVID-19 pandemic exposes underlying inequalities in our socio-economic and health systems, such as gender-based violence (GBV). In emergencies, particularly ones that involve quarantine, GBV often increases. Policymakers must utilize community expertise, technology and existing global guidelines to disrupt these trends in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic. Gender norms and roles relegating women to the realm of care work puts them on the frontlines in an epidemic, while often excluding them from developing the response. It is critical to value women’s roles in society and include their voices in the decision-making process to avoid unintended consequences and ensure a comprehensive response that caters to the needs of the most vulnerable groups. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is commonly used for the preoperative evaluation of salivary gland tumors. Tumor grade is a key factor influencing clinical management of salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs). To assess the ability to grade nonbasaloid SGCs in FNA specimens, an international panel of cytopathologists convened to review and score SGC cases. METHODS The study cohort included 61 cases of primary SGC from the pathology archives of 3 tertiary medical centers. Cases from 2005 to 2016 were selected, scanned, and digitized. Nineteen cytopathologists blinded to the histologic diagnosis reviewed the digitized cytology slides and graded them as low, high, or indeterminate. The panelists’ results were then compared to the tumor grades based on histopathologic examination of the corresponding resection specimens. RESULTS All but 2 of the 19 (89.5%) expert panelists review more than 20 salivary gland FNAs per year; 16 (84.2%) of the panelists work at academic medical centers, and 13 (68.4%) have more than 10 years’ experience. Participants had an overall accuracy of 89.4% in the grading of SGC cases, with 90.2% and 88.3% for low- and high-grade SGC, respectively. Acinic cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma had the highest degree of accuracy, while epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and salivary duct carcinoma had the lowest degree of accuracy. As expected, the intermediate-grade SGC cases showed the greatest variability (high-grade, 42.1%; low-grade, 37.5%, indeterminate, 20.4%). CONCLUSION This study confirms the high accuracy of cytomorphologic grading of primary SGC by FNA as low- or high-grade. However, caution should be exercised when a grade cannot be confidently assigned. © 2020 American Cancer Society.Organic materials receive increasing attention as environmentally benign and sustainable electrode-active materials. We present a conducting redox polymer (CRP) based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with naphthoquinone pendant group, which is formed from a stable suspension of a trimeric precursor and an oxoammonium cation as oxidant. This suspension allows us to easily coat the polymer onto a current collector, opening up for roll-to-roll processing or ink-jet printing. The CRP showed a full capacity of 76 mAh/g even at a high C-rate of 100 C in acidic aqueous electrolyte. These properties make the CRP a promising candidate as anode-active material and a polymer-air secondary battery was fabricated with the CRP as anode, a conventional Pt/C catalyst as cathode and sulfuric acid aqueous solution as electrolyte. This battery yielded a discharge voltage of 0.50 V and showed good cycling stability with 97% capacity retention after 100 cycles and high rate capabilities, up to 20 C. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.