The Michaelis constant (Km) was increased and the optimum temperature of lipase was widened observably after crosslinking with PEI on PEI@PMMA magnetic microspheres. Hydrogen gas therapy has been recognized as the promising application merit. However, the underlying mechanism on the biological effects remains far from being understood. In this work, pepsin used as a research model, the effects of hydrogen-rich water on the protein activities and structural properties were investigated by enzymatic assay, atomic force microscopy-based peakforce quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PF-QNM) and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We found that hydrogen-rich water can increase the protein activity and its apparent height while alter the mechanical properties (Young’s modulus) and the terahertz dynamics. These results suggest a possible mode of hydrogen molecules acting with pepsin through the local changes of hydrophobic interfaces in the protein molecules, thus provide the first evidence for the direct interaction between hydrogen with proteins and a biophysical insight into the mechanism of hydrogen as well as other gases on the biological effects. Nanocomposite silicon-hydroxyapatite‒glycerohydrogel (Si-HA‒glycerohydrogel) with different hydroxyapatite (HA) contents of 0.75 and 1.75 wt.% and the same Si content (2.04 wt.%) was obtained by the sol‒gel method. Silicon tetraglycerolate in the form of glycerol solution was used as a biocompatible precursor and HА in the form of aqueous colloidal suspension – as a template and property modifier. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to demonstrate that there are nanoscale HA particles that are in the crystalline state. For the first time, using the atomic force microscopy method, the remineralizing properties of Si-HA‒glycerohydrogel were studied on human teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. It was found that Si-HA‒glycerohydrogel containing 1.75 wt.% HA has a pronounced remineralizing effect. Immersion of tooth enamel samples in the gel for one month significantly reduces roughness and makes the enamel surface more uniform. Silicon contained in glycerolates in a biologically active and accessible form exerts an additional positive effect on the process of remineralization of tooth enamel. By the energy dispersive X-ray analysis, it was demonstrated that the tooth enamel had an increased silicon content; and the Vickers microhardness test showed greater microhardness values. The obtained data analysis allows the remineralizing Si-HA‒glycerohydrogel to be considered as a promising biomaterial for dental applications. In this research, a milk thistle seed extract (MTSE)-rich medium was used as a capping and reducing agent for the one-pot biosynthesis of ZnO/Ag (5 wt%) nanostructure. The sample was systematically characterized through various techniques and its strong biomolecule‒metal interface structure was supported by the results. The efficacy of the derived nanostructure (MTSE/ZnO/Ag) was evaluated in vivo on the basis of its therapeutic effects on the main complications of Type 1 diabetes (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and insulin deficiency). Pyroxamide solubility dmso For this purpose, the changes in the plasma values of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, total triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin in alloxan-diabetic Wistar male rats were compared with those in healthy and untreated diabetic controls after a treatment period of 16 days. The antidiabetic results of MTSE/ZnO/Ag were compared with those obtained from pristine ZnO, MTSE, and insulin therapies. The health conditions of the rats with Type 1 diabetes were significantly enhanced after treatment with MTSE/ZnO/Ag (p  less then  0.05), which is owing to the enhanced interface structure and participatory functions of the united compartments of MTSE/ZnO/Ag. V.Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common paediatric muscular dystrophy and is caused by mutations in the DYSTROPHIN gene. We generated two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from DMD patients with nonsense mutations in exons 68 (UCLi011-A) or 70 (UCLi012-A) by transfecting reprogramming mRNAs. Both mutations affect expression of all dystrophin isoforms. iPSCs expressed pluripotency-associated markers, differentiated into cells of the three germ layers in vitro and had normal karyotypes. The selected mutations are potentially amenable to read-through therapies, exon-skipping and gene-editing. These new iPSCs are also relevant to study DYSTROPHIN role in tissues other than skeletal muscle. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) leads an unfolded protein response (UPR) which results in internal cellular responses such as proteostasis and protein clearance. Recently, several reports demonstrated that the ER stress in stem cells could affect their stemness and fates to differentiate into certain lineages. However, the potential for controlling differentiation and function of cells by regulating ER stress needs to be further addressed. Here, we demonstrated that relieving the ER stress in cell cultures enhances the functionalities of hPSC-derived hepatocytes and other hepatic cells to be used in various research fields. Firstly, we found that UPR genes were up-regulated during hepatic differentiation of hPSCs and treatment of ER stress reliever at the hepatic induction stage of the differentiation resulted the enhanced mature marker expressions and glycogen storage of the differentiated hepatocytes. The treatment of ER stress reliever also improved the maintenance of hepatic characteristics in long-term culture of hPSC-derived hepatocytes. Furthermore, relieving ER stress increased the hepatic marker expression and CYP3A4 activity in hepatoma cell lines and human primary hepatocytes. Taken together, our findings indicate that regulating ER stress of in vitro cultured hepatocytes might be a crucial factor for enhancing differentiation, function and maintaining hepatic identity. BACKGROUND Quality improvement in Healthcare is the new fashion actually. Rich countries and developing countries alike are trying to implement quality improvement initiatives to improve their performance and the quality of care. There is evidence in the scientific literature that the existence of a “champion” can play an important role in the successful implementation of quality improvement strategies. Most of the time, people get stuck at the implementation level they know what to do but they fail to execute it in the organizational setting. That’s where a champion can be useful to facilitate the success of the change. There is a paucity of research on the link between the champion and the implementation of quality improvement programs. The aim of the study was to investigate the perceptions of stakeholders about the characteristics and qualities of the champion that could facilitate the successful implementation of quality improvement programs in health care settings in Haiti. METHODS Twenty semi-structured individual interviews and one small group discussion (n = 4) with providers, administrators, directors, and NGO representatives were conducted during a six months period.