Molecular dynamics (MD) may be used to investigate the velocity dependence of both the microscopic and apparent dynamic contact angles (θ

and θ

).

We use large-scale MD to explore the steady displacement of a water-like liquid bridge between two molecularly-smooth solid plates under the influence of an external force F

. A coarse-grained model of water reduces the computational demand and the solid-liquid affinity is varied to adjust the equilibrium contact angle θ

. Protocols are devised to measure θ

and θ

as a function of contact-line velocity U

.

For all θ

, θ

is velocity-dependent and consistent with the molecular-kinetic theory of dynamic wetting (MKT). However, θ

diverges from θ

as F

is increased, especially at the receding meniscus. The behavior of θ

follows that predicted by Voinov (θ

)

=(θ

)

+9Ca·ln(L/L

), where Ca is the capillary number and L and L

are suitably-chosen macroscopic and microscopic length scales. For each θ

, there is a critical velocity U

and conted values of θapp then agree well with those measured from the simulations. Since θm obeys the MKT, we have, therefore, demonstrated the utility of the combined model of dynamic wetting proposed by Petrov and Petrov.

The Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) was introduced into Honduras in 2015. Since then the WHO has reported more than 14,000 suspected cases in the country.

To describe the clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging, and pathological features of CHIKV encephalitis.

We evaluated all consecutive cases of CHIKV infection meeting encephalitis criteria at Hospital Escuela Universitario at Tegucigalpa, Honduras, during 2015. Who case definition was used patient with neurological manifestations meeting clinical criteria (fever >38.5°C, joint pain); resident/visitor in the last 15days to an endemic area; laboratory confirmation with IgM/ELISA. Other etiologies were excluded by ancillary studies.

Out of 95 cases with suspected CHIKV infection, 7 (7%) cases with CHIKV encephalitis were identified; mean age was 56years and four were men. MIRA-1 datasheet The mean latency from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 5 five days. Clinical manifestations were fever/arthralgia, headache/alteration of consciousness and status epilepticus. The EEG demoBecause of the potential morbidity and mortality of CHIKV encephalitis, these patients should be admitted to hospital urgently.Salvia is the largest genus of the Lamiaceae family, with over 900 species in the world which about 60 species are distributed in Iran, 17 of them are endemic. In Iran, Salvia species have been used to treat various diseases with a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity in vitro and in vivo. The present review summarizes the phytochemistry and pharmacology of medicinal Iranian Salvia species in order to describe their therapeutic potential for a range of diseases. . Phytochemical investigations reveal that the Iranian Salvia has a varied range of metabolites including terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The most important pharmacological activities are antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory. Iranian Salvia traditionally used as carminatives, analgesics, digestive aids, antiseptics, sedative, anxiolytic, hypnotic, pain reduction and antidiabetic. Among the endemic species, the most interesting for human health are treating a variety of diseases.Various researchers have proposed pupillometric indicators to assess a person’s cognitive strain. However, to distinguish the variation of pupil light response from psychosensory pupil response in experimental field conditions is a challenge. The Index of Cognitive Activity (ICA) addresses this problem by wavelet separation. This research investigates the ICA’s sensitivity for multiple level task-evoked cognitive activity and visual influences concerning informational work tasks. Objective and subjective measures assessed cognitive strain of participants (N = 22) during various tasks. In a first experiment, mental arithmetic tasks were used to induce different levels of cognitive activity. In a second experiment, influences of screen polarity and presentation of information were investigated (N = 18). The results indicate that eye metrics are rarely sensitive to slight variations in task difficulty. Moreover, the ICA is likely to be sensitive towards constant screen illumination and shows tendencies regarding changes in displayed information. Possible ramifications for the objective assessment of cognitive strain are discussed.Understanding microbial interactions in the methanogenesis system through quorum sensing (QS) is very important for system optimization. Known QS genes were collected and classified into seven groups based on the signal molecules, which were used for constructing a hierarchical quorum sensing database (QSDB). QSDB containing 39,981 QS genes of seven QS groups was constructed and QS genes were analyzed with QSDB. Methanogen genomes were aligned with QSDB and acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) system was predicted as the most probable QS system. This database was further applied to analyze QS in methanogens from two upflow anaerobic sludge blanket-anaerobic filter hybrid reactors with conductive filter (CFB) and nonconductive filter (SEP), and a control without filter (CON). The maximum COD degradation rates in CFB (722.2 ± 10.1 mg/L·h) was elevated by 42.9% compared to CON (505.4 ± 5.98 mg/L·h). Metagenomic sequencing revealed Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Methanosarcina were dominant, and the abundances was 4.3 times higher in the sludge of CFB compared to CON. The overall abundance of QS genes was CFB > SEP > CON, and AHLs were the most abundant group of QS genes. The filI/filR system, a luxI/luxR homolog, was firstly detected in methanogens, showing a high abundance in the CFB (0.085%) compared to in the CON (0.058%). The concentration of AHL molecules in CFB biofilms (0.04%) was about four times that in the CON (0.01%). Syntrophobacter and Smithella were the two major syntrophic bacteria of methanogens, and their abundances were positively correlated with methanogens. In addition, Syntrophobacter and Smithella harbored QS RpfB (component of the diffusible signal factor system) and PDE (component of cyclic di-GMP system). This study provides useful guidance for deeply understanding of QS in anaerobic digestion systems.